{"id":18110,"date":"2018-05-28T13:00:45","date_gmt":"2018-05-28T11:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.redanalysis.org\/?p=18110"},"modified":"2022-11-07T17:01:20","modified_gmt":"2022-11-07T16:01:20","slug":"signals-chine-planetaire-3d-strategie-profonde-mer-ressources-dans-la-chine-du-sud-mer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2018\/05\/28\/signals-china-planetary-3d-strategy-deep-sea-resources-in-the-south-china-sea\/","title":{"rendered":"Les signaux : Strat\u00e9gie plan\u00e9taire 3D de la Chine, ressources des grands fonds dans le sud de la mer de Chine"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Impact on Issues and Uncertainties<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u279a\u279a<\/span> Uncertainty in the security and resource sectors for all actors, states and companies alike, involving a complete redrawing of the influence map, of the capabilities needed and relatedly of the strategies and policies to develop and implement.<\/p>\n

\u279a<\/span> China’s influence
\n\u279a<\/span> China’s rise to top major power status
\n\u2798 Resource insecurity of China<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2798<\/span> Tensions in the South-China Sea with the Philippines, Indonesia and Vietnam<\/p>\n

\u279a<\/span> Escalating Tension U.S. – China on the South China Sea
\n\u279a<\/span> Escalating Tension U.S. – China<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Facts and analysis<\/h1>\n

(see sources and references below in the third part)<\/em><\/p>\n

Related<\/p>\n

Extreme Environment Security<\/a><\/p>\n

The Deep-Sea Resources Sigils Brief<\/a><\/p>\n

The Deep-Sea Resources Sigils<\/a><\/p>\n

China and the New Silk Road: From Oil Wells to the Moon\u2026 and Beyond<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

In April and May 2018, China has carried out successful deep-sea missions which indicate China’s willingness to develop its influence and use also to this extreme environment, among the four we monitor: the extremely cold in the North – the Arctic – and in the South – Antarctica, space, and the deep-sea. As a result, China shows a resolve to implement a truly planetary strategy not only located at the surface of the planet, somehow conceptualising the world in two dimensions, as with the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), but also considering height and depth, thus in 3 dimensions, with space on the one hand, the deep-sea on the other.<\/p>\n

Between 4 April and 16 May 2018, China endeavoured a month-long deep-sea exploration in the South China Sea, using a Canadian unmanned submarine, more precisely a Remotely Operated Platform for Ocean Science (ROPOS). Not only could the expedition transfer data in real-time and allow scientists and students to discover in real-time the new world of the deep-sea, but also it identified the location and nature of precious future resources. The exploration thus found: “the biggest ferromanganese nodules”,  which notably “contain nickel, chromium and manganese, minerals that are indispensable for military equipment, such as submarines, tanks and aerospace facilities,” as pointed out by a Chinese advisor to the Hainan Provincial Maritime Environment Protection Association. It also found “two ancient hydrothermal vents on the seafloor”, which fluids “provide[s] clues to the form of metals”.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, China is also developing its own manned and unmanned submersibles for the deep-sea, while developing and testing interoperability and communication.<\/p>\n

For example, from 28 to 30 April 2018, “The manned deep-sea submersible Shenhai Yongshi, or Deep Sea Warrior, and unmanned submersible Haima, or Sea Horse, completed three joint deep-sea operations in the Haima cold springs in the South China Sea”. Here the resources targeted were natural gas hydrate, which could contribute to replace in the future oil and gas.  Estimates give 2020 as target date for first small-scale output and 2030 for large-scale commercial exploitation (The Independent).<\/p>\n