{"id":37985,"date":"2023-12-26T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-26T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/?p=37985"},"modified":"2023-12-26T16:19:02","modified_gmt":"2023-12-26T15:19:02","slug":"guerre-gaza-grande-guerre-us-chine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/12\/26\/war-gaza-great-us-china-war\/","title":{"rendered":"De la guerre de Gaza \u00e0 la grande guerre entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine (2) ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-text-align-right alignright wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16.5px\">(Direction artistique :<a href=\"https:\/\/jdlavoixcarli.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Jean-Dominique Lavoix-Carli<\/a> - <br>design avec DALL-E 2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Compte tenu de la rapidit\u00e9 et de la densit\u00e9 politique de la s\u00e9quence historique ouverte par la guerre de Gaza, le deuxi\u00e8me article de cette nouvelle s\u00e9rie RTAS ne couvre que la p\u00e9riode du 27 octobre au 20 novembre 2023.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans la premi\u00e8re partie de cette s\u00e9rie, nous avons vu comment la guerre \u00e0 Gaza acc\u00e9l\u00e8re une profonde recomposition politique non seulement au Moyen-Orient mais aussi au niveau international. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les pays arabes et l'Iran d\u00e9veloppent de nouvelles relations, tandis que la Chine et les pays du Moyen-Orient et du Golfe Persique renforcent rapidement leurs liens politiques. En cons\u00e9quence, Isra\u00ebl et son alli\u00e9 am\u00e9ricain apparaissent comme isol\u00e9s sur le plan international (Jean-Michel Valantin, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/11\/22\/la-guerre-de-gaza-et-le-pivot-de-la-chine-vers-le-moyen-orient\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La guerre \u00e0 Gaza et le pivot de la Chine vers le Moyen-Orient<\/a>\u201d,<em> The Red Team Analysis Society,<\/em> 22 novembre 2023 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans ce contexte, le 15 novembre 2023, au milieu des batailles qui font rage en Ukraine et \u00e0 Gaza et des tensions internationales qui en d\u00e9coulent, le pr\u00e9sident chinois Xi Jinping a rencontr\u00e9 le pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain Joe Biden \u00e0 San Francisco. Les deux chefs d'\u00c9tat de ces grandes puissances se sont mis d'accord sur plusieurs sujets, notamment sur la r\u00e9ouverture des canaux de communication entre militaires (AAmer Madhani, Collen Long, Didi Tang, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/biden-xi-apec-san-francisco-58d11e7e3902955302182c2bc41430e0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Biden, Xi a accept\u00e9 de \"d\u00e9crocher le t\u00e9l\u00e9phone\" pour toute question urgente : \"C'est un progr\u00e8s<\/a>\u201d, <em>AP,<\/em>16 novembre 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/bqHORbxa-pM?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Une semaine plus tard, le 20 novembre, le Pentagone a annonc\u00e9 qu'il d\u00e9ploierait de nouveaux syst\u00e8mes de missiles \u00e0 moyenne port\u00e9e dans le Pacifique en 2024 (Patrick Tucker, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.defenseone.com\/technology\/2023\/11\/us-deploy-new-land-based-missiles-armys-pacific-commander-says\/392137\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Les \u00c9tats-Unis vont d\u00e9ployer de nouveaux missiles terrestres, selon le commandant de l'arm\u00e9e de terre dans le Pacifique<\/a>\u201d, <em>Premi\u00e8re d\u00e9fense<\/em>19 novembre 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list alignright wp-block-latest-posts is-layout-flow wp-block-latest-posts-is-layout-flow\"><li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Broadcast-Map-of-Yemen-in-Studio-250x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Broadcast-Map-of-Yemen-in-Studio-250x150.png 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Broadcast-Map-of-Yemen-in-Studio-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2026\/10\/16\/rtas-expertise-italian-television-channel-la7\/\">L'expertise de RTAS mise en avant sur la cha\u00eene de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision italienne LA7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Image en vedette de l&#039;article &quot; Les Houthis, Bab el-Mandeb et le transport maritime &quot; du Dr H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoix pour RTAS - Photo de Jean-Dominique Lavoix-Carli\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2026\/10\/08\/houthis-bab-el-mandeb-maritime-transport\/\">Les Houthis, Bab el-Mandeb et le transport maritime<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2026\/07\/15\/mystery-bolivia-lithium-reserves\/\">L'\u00e9trange myst\u00e8re des r\u00e9serves de lithium de la Bolivie<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2026\/04\/09\/beyond-geopolitics-critical-pressures\/\">Au-del\u00e0 de la g\u00e9opolitique : Comprendre les pressions critiques qui remod\u00e8lent notre monde.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2026\/03\/30\/watch-out-saudi-arabia-winner-iran-war\/\">VIGILANCE - La guerre en Iran, l'Arabie Saudite et les Houthis<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Illustration de Jean-Dominique Lavoix-Carli\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-blackhole.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2026\/02\/12\/chronicles-hyperwar-ai-new-energy-frontier-1\/\">Chroniques de l'hyperwar - AI : L'IA, nouvelle fronti\u00e8re \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique (1)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le m\u00eame jour, le ministre chinois des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res Wang Yi a accueilli \u00e0 P\u00e9kin le comit\u00e9 minist\u00e9riel de haut niveau du sommet conjoint islamo-arabe. Parmi les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s figuraient les ministres des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res de l'Arabie saoudite, de la Jordanie, de l'\u00c9gypte et de l'Indon\u00e9sie, ainsi que le Tchadien Brahim Taha, chef de l'Organisation de la coop\u00e9ration islamique (OCI). La d\u00e9l\u00e9gation \u00e9tait \u00e0 P\u00e9kin pour demander \u00e0 la Chine d'insister sur un cessez-le-feu permanent \u00e0 Gaza (Yew Lun Tian et Laurie Chen, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/beijing-arab-muslim-ministers-urge-end-gaza-war-2023-11-20\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00c0 P\u00e9kin, les ministres arabes et musulmans demandent instamment la fin de la guerre \u00e0 Gaza<\/a>\u201d, <em>Reuters<\/em>20 novembre 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette d\u00e9l\u00e9gation fait suite \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence historique arabo-iranienne du 11 novembre 2023. Cet \u00e9v\u00e9nement a eu lieu \u00e0 Riyad, la capitale du Royaume saoudien. Les dirigeants des principaux pays arabes et des puissances islamiques ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 ce sommet, comme le pr\u00e9sident syrien Bachar el Assad, le pr\u00e9sident turc Recep Erdogan et le pr\u00e9sident iranien chiite Raisi. L'\u00e9mir du Qatar, Tamim al Tani, et Mahmoud Abbas, pr\u00e9sident de l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne, \u00e9taient \u00e9galement pr\u00e9sents. L'objectif de la conf\u00e9rence \u00e9tait de condamner l'offensive isra\u00e9lienne contre le Hamas \u00e0 Gaza tout en appelant \u00e0 un cessez-le-feu (\"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2023\/11\/11\/saudi-arabia-to-host-arab-islamic-summit-to-unify-efforts-on-gaza\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Les pays arabo-musulmans rejettent la justification de la guerre de Gaza par la l\u00e9gitime d\u00e9fense isra\u00e9lienne<\/a>\u201d, <em>Al Jazeera,<\/em> 11 novembre 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Entre-temps, apr\u00e8s le positionnement en octobre de deux porte-avions de la marine am\u00e9ricaine en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, le long du littoral isra\u00e9lien, un troisi\u00e8me a \u00e9t\u00e9 positionn\u00e9 au large des c\u00f4tes d'Oman. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce troisi\u00e8me porte-avions et son groupe de combat renforcent la pr\u00e9sence militaire am\u00e9ricaine dans le golfe Persique et au Moyen-Orient (Tara Copp, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/israel-hamas-military-navy-carrier-e648c53dc53a46e2e12950784ea5e8d2\">Les \u00c9tats-Unis s'empressent de renforcer l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne. Un aper\u00e7u de l'aide apport\u00e9e<\/a>\u201d,&nbsp;<em>AP,<\/em>, 15 octobre 2023 et Sam LaGrone, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/israel-hamas-military-navy-carrier-e648c53dc53a46e2e12950784ea5e8d2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Le porte-avions Dwight D. Eisenhower maintenant dans le golfe d'Oman<\/a>\", USNI News, 13 novembre 2023). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elle peut ainsi soutenir la politique de dissuasion des Etats-Unis contre l'Iran ainsi que contre les nombreuses milices qui attaquent les bases militaires am\u00e9ricaines en Syrie et en Irak. Pendant ce temps, certaines milices houties, qui sont cens\u00e9es \u00eatre des mandataires de l'Iran, envoient des vagues de missiles contre Isra\u00ebl, alors que les forces de d\u00e9fense isra\u00e9liennes m\u00e8nent leur guerre contre le Hamas \u00e0 Gaza (Connor Echols, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/responsiblestatecraft.org\/us-troops-israel-gaza-2666062447\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Suivre le renforcement de l'arm\u00e9e am\u00e9ricaine aujourd'hui au Moyen-Orient<\/a>\u201d, <em>L'art politique responsable<\/em>25 octobre 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En d'autres termes, alors que la guerre \u00e0 Gaza fait rage, l'importance politique de la Chine au Moyen-Orient ne cesse de cro\u00eetre. Sym\u00e9triquement, la pr\u00e9sence militaire am\u00e9ricaine au Moyen-Orient joue \u00e0 la fois un r\u00f4le de dissuasion et d'attraction pour les attaques des milices r\u00e9gionales. <strong>Ainsi, l'influence politique chinoise oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 l'influence militaire am\u00e9ricaine au Moyen-Orient appara\u00eet comme une nouvelle dimension de la comp\u00e9tition mondiale entre grandes puissances chinoises et am\u00e9ricaines.<\/strong> (John Mearsheimer,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wwnorton.com\/books\/9780393349276\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La trag\u00e9die de la politique des grandes puissances<\/a>, 2014). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans cet article, nous examinons l'\u00e9volution de cette concurrence dans l'ensemble du Moyen-Orient pendant la guerre de Gaza. Nous nous concentrons sur la densification de la convergence g\u00e9o\u00e9conomique et politique entre les pays arabes et la Chine par rapport au renforcement de la pr\u00e9sence militaire am\u00e9ricaine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gaza, Riyad et P\u00e9kin : la guerre contre la ceinture et la route chinoises<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le 11 novembre, le gouvernement saoudien a organis\u00e9 un sommet extraordinaire conjoint de la Ligue arabe et de l'OCI. La conf\u00e9rence a r\u00e9uni, entre autres, les chefs d'\u00c9tat de la Syrie, de l'Iran et de l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les participants ont utilis\u00e9 un langage tr\u00e8s fort pour d\u00e9noncer la guerre isra\u00e9lienne \u00e0 Gaza, tout en faisant l'\u00e9loge du Hamas (Aziz el Yaakubi et Nayera Abdallah, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/saudi-arabia-host-extraordinary-joint-islamic-arab-summit-riyadh-saturday-2023-11-10\/#:~:text=RIYADH%2C%20Nov%2011%20(Reuters),against%20Palestinians%20as%20self%2Ddefence.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Les dirigeants arabes et musulmans exigent la fin imm\u00e9diate de la guerre \u00e0 Gaza<\/a>\u201d, <em>Reuters<\/em>12 novembre 2023). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Par exemple, le pr\u00e9sident turc Recep Tayib Erdogan a demand\u00e9 une condamnation d'Isra\u00ebl et de son offensive \u00e0 Gaza. Il a \u00e9galement demand\u00e9 un cessez-le-feu permanent et une solution permanente au conflit isra\u00e9lo-palestinien (ibid).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uhq77oHUS_g?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ensuite, le 20 novembre, une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de ministres des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res de la Ligue arabe et de l'OCI s'est rendue \u00e0 P\u00e9kin et a rencontr\u00e9 le vice-pr\u00e9sident chinois Hang Zhen. La d\u00e9l\u00e9gation \u00e9tait compos\u00e9e de ministres de l'Arabie Saoudite, de l'Egypte, de la Jordanie, de l'Autorit\u00e9 palestinienne, de l'Indon\u00e9sie et de l'OCI (\"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/a\/arab-muslim-delegation-in-beijing-calls-for-immediate-gaza-cease-fire-\/7362928.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation arabo-musulmane \u00e0 P\u00e9kin demande un cessez-le-feu imm\u00e9diat \u00e0 Gaza<\/a>\u201d, <em>VOA<\/em>20 novembre 2023). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La d\u00e9l\u00e9gation, qui devait rencontrer chaque membre du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, a commenc\u00e9 sa tourn\u00e9e \u00e0 P\u00e9kin. Le ministre saoudien des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-default is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\"Nous sommes ici pour envoyer un signal clair : nous devons imm\u00e9diatement arr\u00eater les combats et les tueries, nous devons imm\u00e9diatement acheminer de l'aide humanitaire \u00e0 Gaza...\".<\/p>\n<cite>dans Yew Lun Tiand et Laurie Chen, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/middle-east\/beijing-arab-muslim-ministers-urge-end-gaza-war-2023-11-20\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00c0 P\u00e9kin, les ministres arabes et musulmans demandent instamment la fin de la guerre \u00e0 Gaza<\/a>\u201d, <em>Reuters<\/em>20 novembre 2023.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De Riyad \u00e0 P\u00e9kin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D'un point de vue g\u00e9opolitique et strat\u00e9gique, il est important de noter que tous les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s aux sommets de P\u00e9kin du 11 novembre et du 20 novembre repr\u00e9sentent des pays qui sont tous membres ou partenaires de l'initiative chinoise Belt &amp; Road (BRI) (Jean-Michel Valantin, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2019\/05\/20\/vers-a-nous-chine-guerre-1-la-nouvelle-guerre-froide-et-la-chine-ceinture-et-initiative-de-la-route-au-r%c3%a9chauffement-arctique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vers une guerre USA-Chine ? (1) - La nouvelle guerre froide et la Ceinture et la Route chinoise vont jusqu'\u00e0 l'Arctique<\/a>\u201d,&nbsp;<em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em>Le 20 mai 2019 et \"&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/01\/31\/china-saudi-arabia-arab-ai-rise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La Chine, l'Arabie saoudite et l'essor de l'IA arabe<\/a>\u201c, <em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em>31 janvier 2023).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list alignright related wp-block-latest-posts is-layout-flow wp-block-latest-posts-is-layout-flow\"><li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy-250x150.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy-250x150.jpeg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy-500x300.jpeg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy-768x461.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy-1536x922.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy-18x12.jpeg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy-1320x792.jpeg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy-1038x623.jpeg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/map-geostrategy.jpeg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2021\/09\/15\/seas-maps-geostrategy\/\">Quand les mers et les cartes influencent la g\u00e9ostrat\u00e9gie et le futur<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920-16x10.jpg 16w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/antarctica-4500447_1920-1038x623.jpg 1038w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2021\/05\/31\/antarctic-china-1-strategies-for-a-very-cold-place\/\">La Chine antarctique (1) : Strat\u00e9gies pour un endroit tr\u00e8s froid<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Silk-Road-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Silk-Road-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Silk-Road-16x10.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2021\/02\/15\/china-health-silk-road-vaccines-and-security\/\">La Chine, la \"route de la soie de la sant\u00e9\" des vaccins, et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/arctic-exercise-2-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/arctic-exercise-2-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/arctic-exercise-2-16x9.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2019\/09\/16\/towards-a-u-s-china-war2-military-tensions-in-the-warming-arctic\/\">Vers une guerre \u00c9tats-Unis-Chine ?(2) : Tensions militaires dans l'Arctique en r\u00e9chauffement<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017.jpg 1568w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-16x10.jpg 16w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/President_Donald_J._Trump_and_President_Xi_Jinping_at_G20_July_8_2017-300x180.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2019\/05\/20\/towards-a-us-china-war-1-the-new-cold-war-and-chinas-belt-and-road-initiative-go-to-the-warming-arctic\/\">Vers une guerre entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine ? (1) La nouvelle guerre froide et l'initiative de la Chine pour la ceinture et la route se rendent dans l'Arctique (en r\u00e9chauffement)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-1566x941.jpg 1566w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-1536x923.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-16x10.jpg 16w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-1320x793.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-1038x624.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/jeddah-652160-1568.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2019\/03\/11\/saudi-arabia-chinese-belt-and-road-great-convergence\/\">L'Arabie Saoudite et la ceinture et la route chinoises : la grande convergence<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C'est \u00e9galement le cas d'Isra\u00ebl, qui d\u00e9veloppe des liens \u00e9troits avec la Chine et \u00e9tend sa coop\u00e9ration avec l'\"Empire du Milieu\". Isra\u00ebl est d\u00e9j\u00e0 partenaire de la Banque asiatique d'infrastructure, c'est-\u00e0-dire l'entit\u00e9 bancaire qui finance les projets de la BRI. Pour renforcer la relation Isra\u00ebl-Chine, le gouvernement isra\u00e9lien envisage \u00e9galement la possibilit\u00e9 de rejoindre formellement la BRI, (Jean-Michel Valantin, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2015\/06\/08\/chine-isra%c3%abl-nouvelle-route-de-la-soie\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La Chine, Isra\u00ebl et la nouvelle route de la soie<\/a>\u201d, <em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em>, 8 juin 2015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En effet, la guerre de Gaza g\u00e9n\u00e8re des tensions massives au Moyen-Orient et dans le Golfe Persique. Cette guerre oppose le Hamas, historiquement soutenu par l'Iran et le Qatar, \u00e0 l'arm\u00e9e isra\u00e9lienne apr\u00e8s les attaques monstrueuses du 7 octobre 2023. L'ampleur du conflit est telle, du fait de ces cha\u00eenes d'acteurs, qu'il d\u00e9clenche des ondes de choc r\u00e9gionales et mondiales (Bill Hutchinson, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/International\/timeline-surprise-rocket-attack-hamas-israel\/story?id=103816006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Conflit isra\u00e9lo-hamasien : chronologie et \u00e9v\u00e9nements cl\u00e9s<\/a>\u201d,&nbsp;<em>ABC News<\/em>30 octobre 2023 ).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il se trouve que cette r\u00e9gion est strat\u00e9gique pour la BRI, car elle est \u00e0 la jonction des segments ouest-asiatiques de la BRI et du monde m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en. La BRI renforce les relations politiques entre les \u00c9tats arabes, l'Iran et la Chine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En d'autres termes, la guerre de Gaza se d\u00e9roule de facto dans un secteur r\u00e9gional strat\u00e9gique de l'initiative des nouvelles routes de la soie et de la ceinture et de la route.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour la Chine, la guerre de Gaza a donc des cons\u00e9quences consid\u00e9rables. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Il pleut des porte-avions am\u00e9ricains<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cependant, la guerre attire \u00e9galement une mobilisation massive de l'arm\u00e9e am\u00e9ricaine (Courtney Kube, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/politics\/national-security\/40-us-service-members-may-brain-injuries-iran-linked-attacks-rcna123591\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Au moins 45 membres des forces arm\u00e9es pourraient avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 bless\u00e9s dans des attentats li\u00e9s \u00e0 l'Iran<\/a>\u201d, <em>Nouvelles de la NBC<\/em>, le 6 novembre 2023 et Connor Echols, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/responsiblestatecraft.org\/us-troops-israel-gaza-2666062447\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Suivre le renforcement de l'arm\u00e9e am\u00e9ricaine aujourd'hui au Moyen-Orient<\/a>\u201d, <em>L'art politique responsable<\/em>\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deux porte-avions am\u00e9ricains op\u00e8rent depuis la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e, \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 d'Isra\u00ebl, et un autre se positionne au large d'Oman. Ces trois porte-avions de la marine am\u00e9ricaine d\u00e9finissent un p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre strat\u00e9gique qui entoure le Moyen-Orient de la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e au golfe Persique. Ce p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre d\u00e9finit donc l'ensemble de la r\u00e9gion comme le th\u00e9\u00e2tre des op\u00e9rations de la guerre de Gaza (\"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/us-aircraft-carriers-what-they-bring-middle-east-2023-10-15\/\">Porte-avions am\u00e9ricains - Ce qu'ils apportent au Moyen-Orient<\/a>\u201d,&nbsp;<em>Reuters<\/em>, 16 octobre 2023, et Sam LaGrone, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/news.usni.org\/2023\/11\/13\/aircraft-carrier-uss-dwight-s-eisenhower-now-in-gulf-of-oman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Le porte-avions Dwight D. Eisenhower maintenant dans le golfe d'Oman<\/a>\u201d, <em>USNI<\/em> News, 13 novembre, 2023).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/aTCm1MWCoKY?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans ce contexte, les trois porte-avions am\u00e9ricains et leurs groupes de combat dissuadent le Hezbollah libanais et \"d'autres tiers hostiles\", c'est-\u00e0-dire l'Iran. Cette op\u00e9ration de dissuasion vise \u00e0 bloquer leur implication directe contre Isra\u00ebl. Or, l'Iran est \u00e9galement membre de la BRI chinoise (Sebastian Goulard, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oboreurope.com\/en\/iran-china-agreement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">L'Iran et la Chine ont sign\u00e9 un accord de 25 ans : une \u00e9tape importante de la BRI<\/a>\u201d, <em>OBOREurope<\/em>31 mars 2021).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Attaques des Houthis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L'influence de l'Iran se fait sentir par le biais de nombreux acteurs mandataires. Par exemple, les rebelles houthis pro-iraniens lancent au hasard des salves de missiles contre Isra\u00ebl. En mer Rouge, ils ont commenc\u00e9 leurs op\u00e9rations en d\u00e9tournant un cargo li\u00e9 \u00e0 Isra\u00ebl. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pendant ce temps, les milices r\u00e9gionales mandataires de l'Iran prennent pour cible les bases terrestres am\u00e9ricaines ainsi qu'Isra\u00ebl et les cargos en mer Rouge (Jon Gambrell, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/red-sea-houthi-yemen-ships-attack-israel-hamas-war-gaza-strip-716770f0a780160e9abed98d3c48fbde\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3 navires commerciaux touch\u00e9s par des missiles lors d'une attaque Houti en mer Rouge, un navire de guerre am\u00e9ricain abat 3 drones<\/a>\u201d, <em>AP,<\/em>, 4 d\u00e9cembre).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Z21n8xvLLDs?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Du golfe Persique \u00e0 la Chine : un nouveau bloc \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et d'intelligence artificielle ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Entre-temps, le conflit contribue \u00e0 transformer la Chine d'un acteur \u00e9conomique actif en un acteur politique et strat\u00e9gique au Moyen-Orient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L'influence politique croissante de la Chine au Moyen-Orient est \u00e9troitement li\u00e9e aux int\u00e9r\u00eats \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques chinois dans la r\u00e9gion. Dans la premi\u00e8re partie de cette s\u00e9rie, nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 comment l'Arabie saoudite et la Chine \"pivotent\" mutuellement l'une vers l'autre (Jean-Michel Valantin, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/11\/22\/la-guerre-de-gaza-et-le-pivot-de-la-chine-vers-le-moyen-orient\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La guerre \u00e0 Gaza et le pivot de la Chine vers le Moyen-Orient<\/a>\u201d,<em> The Red Team Analysis Society,<\/em> 22 novembre 2023). Nous avons vu qu'il est bas\u00e9 sur les exportations de p\u00e9trole saoudien vers la Chine ainsi que sur le d\u00e9veloppement de l'intelligence artificielle et de l'\u00e9nergie nucl\u00e9aire dans le royaume saoudien par la Chine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Du p\u00e9trole pour la Chine<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il en va de m\u00eame pour l'Iran, apr\u00e8s la signature en 2022 de l'accord de coop\u00e9ration de 25 ans entre l'Iran et la Chine. Cette signature a eu lieu malgr\u00e9 le r\u00e9gime actuel de sanctions am\u00e9ricaines, d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 avec force par l'Iran et la Chine (Maziar Motamedi, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2022\/1\/15\/iran-says-25-year-china-agreement-enters-implementation-stage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">L'Iran d\u00e9clare que l'accord de 25 ans entre dans sa phase de mise en \u0153uvre<\/a>\u201d, <em>Al Jazeera<\/em>, 15 janvier 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La signature de l'accord Iran-Chine sur 25 ans fait officiellement entrer l'Iran dans l'initiative chinoise de d\u00e9veloppement durable. En vertu de cet accord, la Chine investira 400 milliards de dollars en Iran au cours des 25 prochaines ann\u00e9es. En \u00e9change, elle recevra un approvisionnement r\u00e9gulier en p\u00e9trole. Cet investissement colossal est divis\u00e9 en deux parties. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/sk-549ZUK2w?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Une premi\u00e8re partie de 280 milliards de dollars est consacr\u00e9e au d\u00e9veloppement des secteurs iraniens du p\u00e9trole, du gaz et de la p\u00e9trochimie. La seconde tranche de 120 milliards de dollars est consacr\u00e9e aux infrastructures de transport et de communication (Simon Watkins, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/oilprice.com\/Energy\/Energy-General\/China-Inks-Military-Deal-With-Iran-Under-Secretive-25-Year-Plan.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La Chine conclut un accord militaire avec l'Iran dans le cadre d'un plan secret de 25 ans<\/a>\u201d, <em>Prix du p\u00e9trole.com<\/em>, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il faut noter que le g\u00e9ant chinois de la communication, de la surveillance num\u00e9rique et de l'IA ZTE soutiendra l'effort du gouvernement iranien en d\u00e9veloppant un r\u00e9seau de communications terrestres, mobiles et internet (Ghazal Vaisi, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/25-year-iran-china-agreement-endangering-2500-years-heritage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Les 25 ann\u00e9es Iran-Chine, mettant en p\u00e9ril 2500 ans d'h\u00e9ritage<\/a>\", 1er mars 2022). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette exportation de la technologie num\u00e9rique et de surveillance chinoise appara\u00eet comme un cadre de la BRI. En effet, les m\u00eames termes d'\u00e9change \"ressources contre technologie\" font \u00e9galement partie d'autres accords. C'est le cas avec l'Arabie Saoudite et d'autres \u00c9tats du Golfe, ainsi qu'avec la Serbie (Jean-Michel Valantin, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/01\/31\/china-saudi-arabia-arab-ai-rise\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La Chine, l'Arabie saoudite et l'essor de l'IA arabe<\/a>\u201d, <em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em>Le 31 janvier 2023 et \"China, Serbia, AI and the Pincer Movement on Europe\" (La Chine, la Serbie, l'IA et le mouvement de tenaille sur l'Europe), <em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em>2 avril 2023) .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C'est aussi le cas, par exemple, de l'accord de libre-\u00e9change entre la Chine et les \u00c9tats du Golfe qui devrait \u00eatre sign\u00e9 \u00e0 la fin de 2023 ou en 2024. Cet accord pr\u00e9voit que le Qatar, le Bahre\u00efn, l'Arabie Saoudite, le Kowe\u00eft, Oman et les \u00c9mirats arabes unis exporteront du gaz vers la Chine (Andy Sambridge, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.agbi.com\/analysis\/gcc-china-free-trade-deal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Les chefs d'\u00c9tat du CCG pr\u00e9voient la signature prochaine d'un accord de libre-\u00e9change avec la Chine<\/a>\u201c, <em>Aper\u00e7u des affaires dans le Golfe Persique<\/em>23 octobre 2023). R\u00e9ciproquement, ces pays auront acc\u00e8s aux technologies num\u00e9riques et de surveillance chinoises (Mordechai Chaziza, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/china-gcc-digital-economic-cooperation-age-strategic-rivalry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Coop\u00e9ration \u00e9conomique num\u00e9rique entre la Chine et le CCG \u00e0 l'\u00e8re de la rivalit\u00e9 strat\u00e9gique<\/a>\u201d, <em>Institut du Moyen-Orient<\/em>(7 juin 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\"Au milieu du p\u00e9trole irakien<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En Irak, le gouvernement a sign\u00e9 des accords massifs de d\u00e9veloppement du p\u00e9trole et du gaz avec la Chine et la Russie, en \u00e9change d'investissements dans le secteur de l'\u00e9nergie (John Calabrese, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mei.edu\/publications\/beijing-baghdad-chinas-growing-role-iraqs-energy-sector\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">De P\u00e9kin \u00e0 Bagdad : Le r\u00f4le croissant de la Chine dans le secteur \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique irakien<\/a>\u201d, <em>Institut du Moyen-Orient<\/em>L'Irak est le troisi\u00e8me exportateur de p\u00e9trole vers la Chine, avec 9,9 millions de tonnes de p\u00e9trole brut en 2022.) L'Irak est le troisi\u00e8me exportateur de p\u00e9trole vers la Chine, avec 9,9 millions de tonnes de p\u00e9trole brut en 2022. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le premier exportateur de p\u00e9trole vers la Chine est la Russie, avec 15,6 millions de tonnes. Le deuxi\u00e8me est l'Arabie saoudite, avec 13,9 millions de tonnes, et les \u00c9mirats arabes unis se classent au quatri\u00e8me rang, avec 6,5 millions de tonnes.<a href=\"https:\/\/shafaq.com\/en\/Iraq-News\/Iraq-ranks-third-in-China-s-crude-oil-imports#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20records%2C%20Iraq,the%20same%20period%20in%202022.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">L'Irak occupe la troisi\u00e8me place dans les importations de p\u00e9trole de la Chine<\/a>\u201d, <em>Shafaq.com<\/em>, 2023-23-21). En outre, la moiti\u00e9 de la production p\u00e9troli\u00e8re irakienne provient d'op\u00e9rations dirig\u00e9es par des entreprises chinoises ou d'op\u00e9rations impliquant la Chine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EaXDyYYivIY?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=fr-FR&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En effet, en 2022, les entreprises chinoises ont remport\u00e9 87% de tous les contrats irakiens dans le secteur de l'\u00e9nergie (Will Crisp, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.meed.com\/chinese-win-87-per-cent-of-iraq-energy-contracts#:~:text=Contractors%20from%20China%20have%20dramatically,in%20the%20country%20during%202022.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Les Chinois remportent 87% des contrats \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques en Irak<\/a>\u201d, <em>MEED Middle East Business Intelligence<\/em>07 novembre 2022). En particulier, ces entreprises ont obtenu des droits pour l'exploration et le d\u00e9veloppement de nombreuses op\u00e9rations \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques. La plupart des investissements chinois en Irak s'inscrivent dans le cadre des investissements \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques de \"Belt &amp; Road\" (Jon Calabrese, ibid).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le bloc p\u00e9trolier<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Entre-temps, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s russes Lukoil et Rosneft ont \u00e9galement obtenu d'autres contrats massifs en Irak. M\u00eame si la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise Total Energies reste un partenaire important, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s occidentales telles qu'Exxon sont en grande partie perdantes en Irak (Calabrese, ibid).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En d'autres termes, lorsque le 20 novembre 2023, le vice-pr\u00e9sident chinois a re\u00e7u des repr\u00e9sentants de la Ligue arabe et de l'OCI, y compris l'Iran, il a re\u00e7u <em>de facto<\/em> les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s des principaux fournisseurs de p\u00e9trole et de gaz de son pays. Ces d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s repr\u00e9sentent ou font \u00e9galement partie de l'OPEP+, de l'Organisation des BRICS et de l'Organisation de coop\u00e9ration de Shanghai.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list alignright related wp-block-latest-posts is-layout-flow wp-block-latest-posts-is-layout-flow\"><li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Drapeaux rouges de la Chine et des \u00c9tats-Unis agit\u00e9s, fond aquarelle repr\u00e9sentant les relations internationales et la diplomatie mondiale, en lien avec la cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 et l&#039;analyse g\u00e9opolitique de Red Team Analysis Society.\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-war-US-China-video.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2025\/11\/21\/real-war-us-china-video\/\">La v\u00e9ritable guerre : les \u00c9tats-Unis contre la Chine - Vid\u00e9o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/RTAS-USSFord.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2025\/11\/19\/trump-geopolitics-us-china-war-latin-america-caribbean\/\">G\u00e9opolitique de Trump (3) - Vers la guerre sino-am\u00e9ricaine en Am\u00e9rique latine et dans les Cara\u00efbes ?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/RTAS-jmichel-1568-x-941-drone.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2025\/03\/24\/ai-at-war-us-china-drone-and-robot-race\/\">L'IA en guerre (4) : La course aux drones et aux robots entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/deepseekusa.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2025\/02\/18\/deepseek-vs-stargate\/\">DeepSeek vs Stargate - L'offensive chinoise contre la domination am\u00e9ricaine en mati\u00e8re d'IA ?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/RTAS-Aiwarchinus.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2024\/09\/17\/uschina-ai-war\/\">L'IA en guerre (2) - Se pr\u00e9parer \u00e0 la guerre entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine ?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/RTAS-Nuclgeo3.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2024\/04\/22\/future-uranium-demand-china-surge\/\">Le futur de la demande d'uranium - La mont\u00e9e en puissance de la Chine<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/RTAS-StateKingGR.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2024\/01\/29\/international-influence-us-russia-china\/\">Quel pays a le plus d'influence dans le monde ?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/China-US-Gaza-War-2.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/12\/26\/war-gaza-great-us-china-war\/\">De la guerre de Gaza \u00e0 la grande guerre entre les \u00c9tats-Unis et la Chine (2) ?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/RTAS-chinaMEgaza.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/11\/22\/the-war-in-gaza-and-chinas-pivot-to-the-middle-east\/\">La guerre \u00e0 Gaza et le pivot de la Chine vers le Moyen-Orient<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Et il se trouve que tous ces pays sont \u00e9galement membres de l'initiative chinoise Belt &amp; Road. En d'autres termes, la BRI est devenue un v\u00e9hicule majeur pour les investissements \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques chinois ainsi que pour le num\u00e9rique, la surveillance et l'intelligence artificielle au Moyen-Orient et dans le golfe Persique. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tous ces pays et organisations tirent donc profit de leurs relations avec la Chine. Dans la m\u00eame dynamique, la Chine a besoin d'eux pour sa strat\u00e9gie de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 long terme. Ceci dans le contexte d'une comp\u00e9tition de plus en plus dure avec les Etats-Unis (H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoix, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2022\/07\/04\/guerre-chine-usa-dimension-normative\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La guerre entre la Chine et les \u00c9tats-Unis - La dimension normative<\/a>\u201d,&nbsp;<em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em>(4 juillet 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Du \"grand jeu\" au \"jeu de go\".<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il se trouve donc que la position pro-palestinienne adopt\u00e9e par le gouvernement chinois l'est \u00e9galement, <em>de facto<\/em>La Chine est en train d'\u00e9laborer une plate-forme politique commune avec les \u00c9tats arabes et l'Iran. Ce faisant, P\u00e9kin envoie un message \u00e0 Isra\u00ebl et aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Ce message ne concerne pas \"seulement\" la guerre de Gaza. Il concerne \u00e9galement le nouveau poids \u00e9conomique, politique et strat\u00e9gique de la convergence arabe, iranienne et chinoise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Puissance militaire et influence politique<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cependant, la guerre de Gaza est \u00e9galement un p\u00f4le d'attraction majeur pour la puissance militaire am\u00e9ricaine en mati\u00e8re de \"gestion de crise\". Mais cette forte implication am\u00e9ricaine d\u00e9clenche de nombreuses tensions et incidents militaires dans une r\u00e9gion o\u00f9 la Chine et la Russie d\u00e9veloppent rapidement leur influence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, les \u00c9tats-Unis restent la principale puissance militaire de la r\u00e9gion. Cependant, la Chine appara\u00eet comme un acteur \u00e9conomique, technologique et politique en pleine expansion. Et l'Empire du Milieu b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie de l'effet r\u00e9pulsif provoqu\u00e9 par la pr\u00e9sence renouvel\u00e9e de l'arm\u00e9e am\u00e9ricaine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En effet, du point de vue chinois, le Moyen-Orient et le Golfe persique sont aujourd'hui des \"espaces utiles\". Cette notion d'\"utilit\u00e9\" est ancr\u00e9e dans la pens\u00e9e philosophique et strat\u00e9gique chinoise. (Valantin, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2015\/05\/18\/chine-nouvelle-route-de-soie-ressource-securite\/\">La Chine et la nouvelle route de la soie : la strat\u00e9gie pakistanaise<\/a>\u201d,&nbsp;<em>L'analyse de la Red Team<\/em>le 18 mai 2015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette dimension est fond\u00e9e sur une compr\u00e9hension de la dimension spatiale de la Chine, au sens g\u00e9ographique du terme. L'espace n'est pas seulement con\u00e7u comme un support permettant d'\u00e9tendre l'influence et la puissance chinoises \u00e0 l'\"ext\u00e9rieur\". Il permet \u00e9galement \u00e0 l'Empire du Milieu d'\"aspirer\" ce dont il a besoin de l'\"ext\u00e9rieur\" vers l'\"int\u00e9rieur\". (Quynh Delaunay,&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.editionsatelier.com\/index.php?page=shop.product_details&amp;flypage=bookshop-flypage.tpl&amp;product_id=573&amp;category_id=1&amp;option=com_virtuemart&amp;Itemid=1\">Naissance de la Chine moderne, L'Empire du Milieu dans la globalisation<\/a>, 2014).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bienvenue sur le Go Board<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C'est pourquoi nous qualifions certains espaces d'\"utiles\" au d\u00e9ploiement de la strat\u00e9gie chinoise. C'est \u00e9galement la raison pour laquelle chaque \"espace utile\" est li\u00e9 et \"utile\" \u00e0 d'autres \"espaces utiles\". Ainsi, cette \"cha\u00eene\" d'\"espaces utiles\" se rapporte \u00e0 l'espace chinois. Dans la m\u00eame dynamique, les diff\u00e9rents pays impliqu\u00e9s dans le d\u00e9ploiement de la strat\u00e9gie chinoise sont des \"espaces utiles\" pour la Chine.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette philosophie de l'espace et du temps en tant que flux est le mat\u00e9riau de base de la tradition strat\u00e9gique chinoise. Comme Scott Boorman, Arthur Waldron et David Lai, entre autres, l'\u00e9tablissent clairement, cette tradition s'exprime particuli\u00e8rement bien \u00e0 travers le jeu de Go. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce jeu tr\u00e8s ancien met l'accent sur l'importance non pas de contr\u00f4ler, mais de ma\u00eetriser l'espace de l'adversaire (Arthur Waldron, \"<a href=\"https:\/\/oregondigital.org\/sets\/easia\/oregondigital:df72dc336#page\/1\/mode\/1up\">Les classiques militaires de la Chine<\/a>\"(Joint Forces Quarterly, printemps 1994). La strat\u00e9gie consiste \u00e0 \"convertir\" cet espace en son propre espace. Pour ce faire, il faut \"encercler pour convertir\", \"conqu\u00e9rir\" les pi\u00e8ces, c'est-\u00e0-dire l'espace de l'adversaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ainsi, la pr\u00e9sence chinoise au Moyen-Orient et dans le Golfe Persique peut tr\u00e8s bien \u00eatre comprise comme une \"conversion\" des \"espaces\" arabes et iraniens en \"espaces utiles\" pour la Chine. Dans la m\u00eame dynamique, cette \"conversion\" affaiblit l'influence de son principal concurrent, \u00e0 savoir les \u00c9tats-Unis. R\u00e9ciproquement, la Chine devient une grande puissance \"utile\" pour les pays du Moyen-Orient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toutefois, il reste \u00e0 voir si la guerre de Gaza acc\u00e9l\u00e8re, ou non, l'aggravation des tensions entre la Chine et ses partenaires, d'une part, et les \u00c9tats-Unis et leurs propres partenaires et alli\u00e9s, d'autre part.<br><br><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Direction artistique : Jean-Dominique Lavoix-Carli - design avec DALL-E 2) Compte tenu de la rapidit\u00e9 et de la densit\u00e9 politique de la s\u00e9quence historique ouverte par la guerre de Gaza, le deuxi\u00e8me article de cette nouvelle s\u00e9rie RTAS ne couvre que la p\u00e9riode du 27 octobre au 20 novembre 2023. Dans la premi\u00e8re partie de cette s\u00e9rie, nous avons vu comment la ... <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/12\/26\/war-gaza-great-us-china-war\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture <span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> \" De la guerre de Gaza \u00e0 la grande guerre am\u00e9ricano-chinoise (2) ? \"<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":38092,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2497,2860,2499],"tags":[2018,61,1789,1337,304,2560,2175,522],"class_list":["post-37985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-china","category-featured","category-middle-east-and-north-africa","tag-belt-and-road","tag-china","tag-featured","tag-gaza","tag-israel","tag-open-access","tag-u-s","tag-war","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>From the War in Gaza to the Great U.S.-China War (2)? &#8226; The Red Team Analysis Society<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/fr\/2023\/12\/26\/guerre-gaza-grande-guerre-us-chine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"From the War in Gaza to the Great U.S.-China War (2)? &#8226; The Red Team Analysis Society\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Art direction: Jean-Dominique Lavoix-Carli &#8211; design with DALL-E 2) Given the speed and political density of the historic sequence opened by the war in Gaza, the second article in this new RTAS series only covers the period from 27 October to 20 November 2023. 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