{"id":10814,"date":"2016-01-11T10:55:58","date_gmt":"2016-01-11T09:55:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.redanalysis.org\/?p=10814"},"modified":"2021-10-07T20:12:04","modified_gmt":"2021-10-07T18:12:04","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e5%8d%b0%e5%ba%a6%e5%b0%bc%e8%a5%bf%e4%ba%9a%e5%88%b0%e5%ad%9f%e5%8a%a0%e6%8b%89%e5%9b%bd%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%8d%e5%af%b9%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e4%bc%8a%e6%96%af%e5%85%b0%e5%9b%bd%e5%ae%b6%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2016\/01\/11\/at-war-against-a-global-islamic-state-from-indonesia-to-bangladesh\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5bf9\u6297\u5168\u7403\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6218\u4e89--\u4ece\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u5230\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u56fd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As the noose seems to be slowly tightening around the Islamic State in Mesopotamia, it is even more important to consider the global dimension of the Khilafah. It is indeed likely that all geographical components will be used by the Islamic State in its will to counter-attack and survive.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A strong indication confirming the global character of the war waged by the Islamic State and its Khilafah came through al-Baghdadi&#8217;s 26 December 2015 audio message, &#8220;And wait, for we are also waiting &#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/pietervanostaeyen.wordpress.com\/2015\/12\/26\/new-audio-message-by-abu-bakr-al-baghdadi-and-wait-for-we-are-also-waiting\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pietervanostaeyen<\/a>), where the place of Somalia we highlighted previously (see &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/12\/14\/war-global-islamic-state-facing-strategic-trap-somalia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facing a Strategic Trap in Somalia?<\/a>), as well as importance of\u00a0Bangladesh, Indonesia and the Philippines, as we shall focus upon now,\u00a0were confirmed.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;O Muslims, indeed engaging oneself in this war is obligatory on every Muslim, and no one is excused concerning it. And indeed, we call on you altogether in every place to mobilize, and we specify the sons of the lands of al-Haramayn (the two sanctuaries). So march forth, whether light or heavy, old or young. Rise, O grandsons of the Muh\u0101jir\u012bn and Ans\u0101r (companions of the Prophet Muhammad). Rise against \u0100l Sal\u016bl (the House of Saud), the apostate taw\u0101gh\u012bt (tyrannical rulers), and support your people and your brothers in Sh\u0101m, Iraq, Yemen, Afghanistan, the Caucasus, Egypt, Libya, Somalia, the Philippines, Africa, Indonesia, Turkistan, Bangladesh, and in every place.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This article ends the part of our series singling out risks to a strategy that would only or mainly pay attention to one theatre of war and to one dimension and focusing on the Islamic State global geographical implantation. It looks at three maybe less known cases of global outreach for the Islamic State and its Khilafah:\u00a0<span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Malaysia and Indonesia, as well as the Philippines in SouthEast Asia and Bangladesh in South Asia.<\/span><!--more--><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">The\u00a0Islamic State\u00a0in Southeast Asia<\/h1>\n<h5>The Islamic State in\u00a0<strong>Indonesia and Malaysia<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Indonesia and Malaysia are\u00a0an example of the first type of &#8220;<em>ribat<\/em>&#8220;*\u00a0we singled out <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/11\/23\/war-islamic-state-global-theatre-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">previously<\/a>, i.e. when\u00a0al-Baghdadi has accepted the allegiance (bay\u2019a)\u00a0pledged by\u00a0groups. Indeed, as analysed by\u00a0<span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">V. Arianti\u00a0and\u00a0Jasminder Singh (&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsis.edu.sg\/rsis-publication\/icpvtr\/co15220-isis-southeast-asia-unit-raising-the-security-threat\/#.Vi8oP2SrQ0p\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ISIS\u2019 Southeast Asia Unit: Raising the Security Threat<\/a>&#8220;,\u00a0<em>RSIS Commentary<\/em>, 20 Oct 2015), more than 20 g<\/span>roups have pledged bay&#8217;a\u00a0and seen it\u00a0accepted by\u00a0Al Baghdadi in November 2014. Since then, they have united under the\u00a0Jamaah Ansharut Daulat (JAD)\u00a0in March 2015.\u00a0Meanwhile, in Mesopotamia, one finds a &#8220;corresponding&#8221; fighting unit,\u00a0the Katibah Nusantara (KN or or Majmuah Al Arkhabiliy in Arabic). According to Arinati and Singh,\u00a0&#8220;KN <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Indonesia-1-sc.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10985 noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10985 size-full alignright\" title=\"Still from the video &quot;Join the ranks&quot; (Indonesia) by al-Hayat media Center 22 July 2014.\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Indonesia-1-sc.jpg\" alt=\"Indonesia, Islamic State, Katibah Nusantara, war, ISIS\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Indonesia-1-sc.jpg 300w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Indonesia-1-sc-250x140.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>continues to expand geographically within a year of its establishment&#8221;\u00a0&#8220;in Shaddadi, Hasakah in Syria in September 2014&#8221;. &#8220;There are about 450 Indonesians and Malaysians, including children and women under fealty to ISIS in Iraq and Syria today&#8221;. &#8220;It has since the middle of this year, divided into three geographical groupings: KN Central led by Bahrum Syah; Katibah Masyariq led by Salim Mubarok At-Tamimi alias Abu Jandal, based in Homs and Katibah Aleppo led by Abu Abdillah. Bahrum Syah remains amir of KN, dealing strictly with Indonesian ISIS fighters that defy or defect from KN\u2019s instructions, to maintain unity within ISIS.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">If the Malaysian-Indonesian group&#8217;s involvement had been mainly focused, as pointed out by Aranti and Singh (ibid.) on\u00a0<\/span><em style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">hijrah,\u00a0<\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">i.e. migration to the land of the existing wilayats, the threat of the Islamic State\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">was<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u00a0serious <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10995 noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-10995 size-full\" title=\"Nasheed, 12 Sept 2015\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc.jpg\" alt=\"Khilafah Telah Kembali sc\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc.jpg 200w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc-32x32.jpg 32w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc-64x64.jpg 64w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc-96x96.jpg 96w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Khilafah-Telah-Kembali-sc-128x128.jpg 128w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">enough to have been specifically noted and singled out in the 16 March 2015\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.asean.org\/images\/2015\/March1\/Press_Release\/Joint%20Declaration%20of%20the%209th%20ADMM%20Langkawi%2016%20March%202015-signed.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joint Declaration of the ASEAN Defence Ministers on Maintaining Regional Security and Stability for and by the People<\/a><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u00a0(p.4) and identified as top threat\u00a0by Singaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong\u00a0in his\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iiss.org\/en\/events\/shangri%20la%20dialogue\/archive\/shangri-la-dialogue-2015-862b\/opening-remarks-and-keynote-address-6729\/keynote-address-a51f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">keynote address<\/a><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u00a0at the IISS Shangri-La Dialogue on 29 May 2015 (see also Ibrahim Almuttaqi &#8220;<\/span><a style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" href=\"http:\/\/thcasean.org\/read\/articles\/171\/The-Islamic-State-and-the-rise-of-violent-extremism-in-Southeast-Asia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The \u2018Islamic State\u2019 and the rise of violent extremism in Southeast Asia<\/a><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">&#8220;,\u00a0<\/span><em style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Habibie Center<\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">, July 2015).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">We also need to point out a potentially important role played by the Indonesian groups in spreading the Islamic State psyops and message, as so many of the latter seem to be published through websites and &#8220;usernames&#8221; with a Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) component. A systematic study would be necessary to determine the extent of the involvement.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Renewed and lethal activity for groups following the Islamic State in the Philippines<\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the Philippines, groups\u00a0<span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">such as Abu Sayyaf,\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Jam\u0101\u2019at An\u1e63\u0101r al-Khil\u0101fah (video on\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" href=\"http:\/\/jihadology.net\/2014\/08\/12\/al-batar-media-foundation-presents-a-new-video-message-from-jamaat-an%E1%B9%A3ar-al-khilafah-in-the-philippines-pledge-of-allegiance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jihadology.net<\/a><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">), or\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF &#8211; see <em>Stanford<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/web.stanford.edu\/group\/mappingmilitants\/cgi-bin\/groups\/view\/601#note32\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Group Summary<\/a>)\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">started pledging bay&#8217;a <\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">to al-Baghdadi over\u00a0the Summer\u00a02014<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u00a0(for a complete list, see &#8220;<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Islamic State&#8217;s 43 Global Affiliates\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Interactive World Map&#8221;, <\/span><em style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">IntelCenter<\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">; &#8220;<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Red alert in Sabah over Abu Sayyaf-IS links&#8221;, 22 Sept 2014; Michelle Florcruz &#8220;<\/span><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Philippine Terror Group Abu Sayyaf May Be Using ISIS Link For Own Agenda&#8221;, 25 Sept 2014).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10997\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10997\" style=\"width: 350px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Philippines-unconventional-sc2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10997 noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10997 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Philippines-unconventional-sc2.jpg\" alt=\"Ansar al-Khilafah, ISIS, Islamic State, ISIL, Philippines\" width=\"350\" height=\"116\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Philippines-unconventional-sc2.jpg 350w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Philippines-unconventional-sc2-250x83.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Philippines-unconventional-sc2-300x99.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10997\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jam\u0101\u2019at An\u1e63\u0101r al-Khil\u0101fah in the Philippines: \u201cPledge Of Allegiance\u201d by al-Bat\u0101r Media Foundation &#8211; 12 Aug 2014.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Until al-Baghdadi&#8217;s 26 December 2015 speech, it was\u00a0unclear if these pledges had been fully accepted or not, including because the videos, if they look like official Islamic State&#8217;s ones, nevertheless emanate from indigenous groups and thus represent these groups and not the Khilafah, as long as endorsement has not been given. Such ambiguity regarding the Philippines has now disappeared, in a very general way, and we may thus update accordingly our map, to which we shall also add the U.K (see below).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10992\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10992\" style=\"width: 550px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/IS-world-map-10-Jan-2016.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10992 noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10992 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/IS-world-map-10-Jan-2016-sc.jpg\" alt=\"Islamic State world map, ISIS, IS, ISIL\" width=\"550\" height=\"278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/IS-world-map-10-Jan-2016-sc.jpg 550w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/IS-world-map-10-Jan-2016-sc-250x126.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/IS-world-map-10-Jan-2016-sc-300x152.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10992\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Map of the Islamic State in the world (January 2016) &#8211; Click to see large image<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">More recently, a new\u00a0pledge was published on 4 January 2016 by the &#8220;Muj\u0101hid\u012bn in the Philippines&#8221; (video on <em><a href=\"http:\/\/jihadology.net\/2016\/01\/04\/new-release-from-the-mujahidin-in-the-philippines-bayah-to-the-caliph-of-the-muslims-abu-bakr-al-baghdadi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jihadology.net<\/a><\/em>).\u00a0Meanwhile another video showing an Islamic State&#8217;s training camp in the Philippines surfaced on 20 December 2015 (&#8220;Jund al-Khil\u0101fah in the Philippines: \u201cTraining Camp\u201d <em><a href=\"http:\/\/jihadology.net\/2015\/12\/20\/new-video-message-from-jund-al-khilafah-in-the-philippines-training-camp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jihadology.net<\/a><\/em>). Interestingly, by\u00a0trying to continuously deny the Islamic State&#8217;s presence on its territory,\u00a0the Philippines&#8217; State administration\u00a0finally confirmed the existing linkages between the Islamic State and\u00a0local groups &#8211; which is absolutely\u00a0<span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">not surprising as it is the way the Islamic State spreads\u00a0&#8211; when Communications Secretary declared, to try minimising the training <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Jungle-Filipino-sc.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10986 noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-10986 size-full\" title=\"Still from the video from the Muj\u0101hid\u012bn in the Philippines: \u201cBay\u2019ah to the Caliph of the Muslims Ab\u016b Bakr al-Baghd\u0101d\u012b\u201d - 4 Jan 2016\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Jungle-Filipino-sc.jpg\" alt=\"Jungle Filipino sc\" width=\"300\" height=\"166\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Jungle-Filipino-sc.jpg 300w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Jungle-Filipino-sc-250x138.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>camp existence: &#8220;What ISIS-linked personalities have done is to try to link-up with local jihadist\/terrorist groups&#8230;\u00a0Some of these ISIS-linked personalities, who are really few in number, have also sought refuge in the base areas of these local terrorist groups&#8221;\u00a0(Patricia Lourdes Viray, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.philstar.com\/headlines\/2015\/12\/22\/1535367\/palace-no-isis-training-camps-philippines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No ISIS training camps in the Philippines<\/a>&#8220;, 22 dec 2015 &amp;\u00a0Aurea Calica, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.philstar.com\/headlines\/2015\/11\/29\/1527083\/palace-no-credible-isis-threat-philippines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No credible ISIS threat in Philippines<\/a>&#8220;, 29 Nov 2015,\u00a0<em>The Philippine Star<\/em>).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Then, over Christmas, 200 fighters, involving notably BIFF\u00a0carried out &#8220;at least eight attacks&#8221;\u00a0in three provinces against Christian villages and military outposts, killing 14 villagers, while the military killed 5 rebels, according to\u00a0regional military spokeswoman (Jim Gomez, The Associated Press, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/2015\/12\/26\/at-least-14-die-as-muslim-rebels-attack-in-philippines\/77915894\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">14 dead as Islamic rebels attack in Philippines<\/a>&#8220;, \u00a0<em>USAToday<\/em>, 26 Dec 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">We may wonder if the next <em>Dabiq<\/em> will not emphasise the Philippines and Southeast Asia, as the Khilafah may well be keen to include any group &#8220;serious enough&#8221; and action to demonstrate its staying power, assuming potential tensions with JAD and KN have been solved.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Towards a coordinated Islamic State umbrella group for Southeast Asia?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">With a relatively strong presence in the three countries, when\u00a0the Mesopotamian wilayats of the Islamic State are under strong attack, it is likely that efforts will be made to at least coordinate Islamic State&#8217;s endeavour in Southeast Asia. The aim could be to see a group emerge which is strong enough to allow for the creation of a wilayat, as a variation on the model used for the Sinai (A<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/training-camp-Filipino-2.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10988 noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-10988 size-full\" title=\"Still from the video \u201cTraining Camp\u201d by Jund al-Khil\u0101fah in the Philippines - 30 Dec 2015.\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/training-camp-Filipino-2.jpg\" alt=\"training camp Filipino 2\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/training-camp-Filipino-2.jpg 300w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/training-camp-Filipino-2-250x141.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>ymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.aymennjawad.org\/16345\/the-islamic-state-and-its-sinai-province\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Islamic State and its &#8216;Sinai Province&#8217;<\/a>&#8220;,<em>\u00a0Tel Aviv Notes: Moshe Dayan Center<\/em>, 26 march 2015). Indeed, globally, stronger and more successful actions in Mesopotamia, or in Mesopotamia and Libya, in the war against the Islamic State, to take the two most likely intense theatres of war in the near future,\u00a0are\u00a0likely to see attempts by the\u00a0Islamic State to loosen the grip by opening new fronts, besides also disorganising the enemy with new attacks. Here the creation of a wilayat over Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, or part of them, would also reflect the Islamic State&#8217;s will to destroy borders considered as imposed by what is perceived by the Islamic State as &#8220;idolatry and nationalism&#8221; (video &#8220;And No Respite&#8221;, <em>Al Hayat media Foundation<\/em>, 24 Nov 2015, <em><a href=\"http:\/\/jihadology.net\/2015\/11\/24\/new-video-message-from-the-islamic-state-and-no-respite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jihadology.net<\/a><\/em>). <span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Should such a wilayat be declared in Southeast Asia, its strength and evolution would have to be carefully monitored, as suggested previously (see\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/05\/04\/understanding-the-islamic-states-system-structure-and-wilayat\/\">Understanding the Islamic State\u2019s System \u2013 Structure and Wilayat<\/a><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">,\u00a04 May\u00a02015).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-10989 size-full\" title=\"Still from the video \u201cTraining Camp\u201d by Jund al-Khil\u0101fah in the Philippines - 30 Dec 2015.\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/training-camp-white-flag.jpg\" alt=\"training camp white flag\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/training-camp-white-flag.jpg 300w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/training-camp-white-flag-250x141.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">So far, we have indications showing that efforts at coordination are underway. An\u1e63\u0101r al-Khil\u0101fah\u00a0would reportedly\u00a0be trying to coordinate with Indonesians (Jerry Adlaw, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.manilatimes.net\/isis-exists-in-mindanao\/237917\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ISIS exists in Mindanao<\/a>&#8220;, <em>The Manila Times<\/em>, 5 Jan 2016). A previous\u00a0report from Malaysia also tends to indicate similar ongoing efforts, this time by a Malaysian, ex university lecturer, Dr Mahmud, with Abu Sayyaf, to unite all groups having pledge ba&#8217;ya to al Baghdadi in a single Southeast Asian umbrella (Farik Zolkepli, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/news.asiaone.com\/news\/asia\/regional-isis-faction-unite-malaysia-indonesia-and-philippines-terror-cells\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Regional ISIS faction to unite Malaysia, Indonesia and Philippines terror cells<\/a>&#8220;, <em>AsiaOne<\/em>, 14 Nov 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Meanwhile, actions on and from this particular <\/span><em style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">ribat*<\/em><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u00a0&#8211; be it or not declared as wilayat &#8211; could be intensified.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Such a successful\u00a0unification or, more likely, coordination of groups having pledged allegiance to al-Baghdadi, to say nothing of the declaration of a wilayat, would further raise the level of threat to the region, including if it involved fighters returning\u00a0from the Mesopotamian battlefield, tasked with spreading the Khilafah, as underlined\u00a0by Singapore&#8217;s\u00a0Defence Minister in remarks during\u00a0a trip to the U.S. in December 2015: \u00a0\u201cThe danger is the link up and formalization [of ties] between these groups\u201d (Prashanth Parameswaran, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2015\/12\/singapore-warns-of-islamic-state-terror-nexus-in-southeast-asia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Singapore Warns of Islamic State Terror Nexus in Southeast Asia<\/a>&#8220;, <em>The Diplomat<\/em>, 10 Dec 2015).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Renewed lethal and competing state-like actions from Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, could couple and link, in the region, with actions of a more &#8220;individual&#8221; nature (as in Bangladesh, see below) on enemy targets, as the Russian FSB fears in Thailand and about which they warned Thai authorities (e.g. <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bangkokpost.com\/news\/security\/784997\/govt-urges-calm-after-disclosure-is-linked-syrians-entered-thailand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bangkok Post<\/a><\/em>, 4 Dec 2015). Here, we may see how the refusal by\u00a0the Islamic State to accept the modern state order, grounded on territoriality, sovereignty and independence (see H Lavoix, &#8220;<a title=\"Monitoring the War against the Islamic State or against a Terrorist Group?\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2014\/09\/29\/monitoring-war-islamic-state-war-terrorist-group\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monitoring the War against the Islamic State or against a Terrorist Group?<\/a>&#8220;,\u00a029 September 2014.; &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/01\/16\/islamic-state-psyops-worlds-war\/\">The Islamic State Psyops \u2013 Worlds War<\/a>&#8220;,\u00a019 January\u00a02015; &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/02\/09\/islamic-states-psyops-ultimate-war\/\">The Islamic State\u2019s Psyops \u2013 Ultimate War<\/a>&#8220;,\u00a09 February\u00a02015) and the will to create another system mixed with the internationalisation or globalisation of national interests and influence challenge the\u00a0modern order. National threats cannot anymore be seen as targeting only the national territory <em>stricto sensu<\/em> &#8211; assuming it has ever been possible to perceive them as such and we are not here victim of an illusion prompted by norms. In response,\u00a0state&#8217;s administrations must\u00a0work closer and better together, including in terms of intelligence and security which is, notably for intelligence services used to share only parsimoniously and reluctantly intelligence, a huge challenge.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Islamic State&#8217;s new actions could also link up\u00a0with the current Rohingya (a Muslim community in\u00a0Myanmar) crisis and fragility, involving refugees, migrants, and feelings of injustice on a backdrop of religious tension (e.g.\u00a0Eleanor Albert, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cfr.org\/burmamyanmar\/rohingya-migrant-crisis\/p36651\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Rohingya Migrant Crisis<\/a>&#8220;, <em>CFR Backgrounder<\/em>, 17 June 2015; Alistair Cook, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.fr\/books?id=mUNHBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA70&amp;lpg=PA70&amp;dq=alistair+cook+Rohingya&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=tDqz91TvUZ&amp;sig=-F534RxTdeT31_-ZYwP4EgP_RcI&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwj5xaXQiMrJAhVCRxoKHQwYCKIQ6AEINDAE#v=onepage&amp;q=alistair%20cook%20Rohingya&amp;f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Human Insecurity and Displacement along Myanmar&#8217;s border<\/a>&#8221; in Jiyoung Song, Alistair D. B. Cook, ed. <em>Irregular Migration and Human Security in East Asia<\/em>, 2015), as is clear from the case of Bangladesh to which we shall now turn.<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bangladesh<\/h1>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10680\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10680\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/bengal.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10680\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10680 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/bengal.jpg\" alt=\"Islamic State Bangladesh, Islamic State, Bangladesh, Bengal\" width=\"250\" height=\"173\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10680\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">From Islamic State\u2019s Magazine Dabiq #12, 18 Nov 2015, p.37<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bangladesh is a recent example of the third\u00a0&#8220;ribat&#8221;* category, we singled out <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/11\/23\/war-islamic-state-global-theatre-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">previously<\/a>,\u00a0i.e. when attacks have taken place and been claimed, sometimes as extensions of the operations of non-Mesopotamian wilayats. In Bangladesh six\u00a0attacks have been carried out successfully and claimed by the Islamic State, despite denial by authorities of any Islamic cell in their country and accusations against local Islamist groups (e.g. <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-34942476\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BBC News<\/a><\/em>, 27 Nov 2015). Three\u00a0attacks singled out any foreigners, who were shot by individual assailants on motorbikes: an Italian on 28 September 2015, a Japanese on 3 October and again an Italian, this time a missionary, on 18\u00a0November 2015 (e.g. Annie Gowen, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/westerners-fear-grows-over-killings-claimed-by-islamic-state-in-bangladesh\/2015\/11\/20\/6ea59a5e-8d42-11e5-934c-a369c80822c2_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">For foreigners, fears grow over killings claimed by Islamic State in Bangladesh<\/a>&#8220;, <em>The Washington Post<\/em>, 20 Nov 2015). Two other\u00a0attacks targeted Shi&#8217;a Muslims: on 24 October 2015 (<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-34625375\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BBC News<\/a><\/em>), during the Ashura celebrations, a grenade attack was carried out against a Mosque in Dhaka, killing one person and injuring 80; on 26 November 2015 (<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-34942476\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BBC News<\/a><\/em>) another attack was perpetrated against again a Shi&#8217;a Mosque in the north-west of the country, killing one and wounding at least 3 people. Finally on 26 December 2016, a &#8216;suicide bomb&#8217; attack at Ahmadiya mosque in\u00a0Chakpara village (Bagmara Upazila, \u00a0Rajshahi District) killed one person and wounded 10 and \u00a0was claimed by the Islamic State (<em>DhakaTribune<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dhakatribune.com\/bangladesh\/2015\/dec\/26\/isis-claims-first-suicide-bombings-ahmadiya-mosque-bangladesh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">26 &amp; 27 Dec 2016<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As analysed by Animesh Roul, early indications of potential\u00a0developing\u00a0links between the Islamic State and Bangladesh were\u00a0identified in June\u00a02014, (psyops video\u00a0\u201cNo Life without Jihad\u201d), then through the arrest of a recruiter in September 2014, recruitment having started in early 2014 (Animesh Roul, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jamestown.org\/programs\/tm\/single\/?tx_ttnews[tt_news]=43510&amp;cHash=9bc6d6f33c53deef5bac6f236c5202ac#.VmHE52QrI0p\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spreading Tentacles: The Islamic State in Bangladesh<\/a>&#8220;,\u00a0<em>Terrorism Monitor<\/em>\u00a013: 3, February 6, 2015).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10984\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10984\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Naheed-Bengal-sc.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10984\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10984 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Naheed-Bengal-sc.jpg\" alt=\"Naheed Bengal, Islamic State Bangladesh, ISIS, ISIL\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Naheed-Bengal-sc.jpg 300w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Naheed-Bengal-sc-250x140.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10984\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">&#8220;Applaud the return of the Khilafah in Bengal&#8221; &#8211; al-Hayat Media Center &#8211; 27 Oct 2015<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Now, the status of Bangladesh as ribat*\u00a0for the Islamic State has been\u00a0confirmed first by a nasheed (<em>a capella<\/em> song) &#8220;Applaud the return of the Khilafah in Bengal&#8221; (Al Hayat Media Center, 27 October 2015), then by\u00a0<em>Dabiq<\/em> #12 (Al-Hayat Media Center, 18 Nov 2015) with the article &#8220;The revival of jiha\u0304d in Bengal with the spread of the light of the Khilafah&#8221;, pp. 37-41. There, the Islamic State reasserted the unique legitimacy of the Khilafah against other &#8220;independent groups&#8221;, i.e. having not pledged allegiance to al-Baghdadi, such as &#8220;&#8216;Jama\u0304\u2019atul Muja\u0304hidi\u0304n,&#8217; &#8216;Al-Qa\u0304\u2019idah,&#8217; or any other group,&#8221; and\u00a0stressed that the awareness of the Khilafah&#8217;s\u00a0existence led to the unification of &#8220;true&#8221; Bengali\u00a0Jihadis (pp. 39-40). \u00a0Always according to <em>Dabiq<\/em>, the attacks mentioned above, as well as one on a police station, were carried out by &#8220;soldiers of the Khila\u0304fah in Bengal [who had] pledged their allegiance to the Khali\u0304fah &#8230;\u00a0unified their ranks, nominated a regional leader, gathered behind him&#8221; (p.41).. and who &#8220;become a source of strength and support for the oppressed Muslims in both Bengal and Burma&#8221; (ibid.).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The case of Bangladesh emphasises four\u00a0elements.\u00a0First, and this is particularly important in terms of warning and thus in terms of prevention, it underlines once more the variety of modus operandi used by\u00a0the Islamic State, including\u00a0the call to individuals to act without necessarily first establishing a complex cells or underground network of die-hard terrorists, as was\u00a0shown, for example, in the case of the 9 January 2015 attacks by \u00a0Coulibaly in France (e.g. <em>BBC News<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-europe-34514244\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">13 Oct 2015<\/a>), and again, always in France, by the attack against\u00a0military personnel in Valence on 1\u00a0January 2016\u00a0(despite denial\u00a0by the prosecutor sticking to an outdated understanding of the Islamic State and of &#8220;terrorism&#8221;) and probably in the case of the attack on a police station in Paris on 7 January 2016 (<em>Europe 1<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.europe1.fr\/faits-divers\/attaque-contre-des-militaires-a-valence-le-point-sur-laffaire-2643841\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2 January 2016<\/a>; Angelique Chrisafis, <em>The Guardian<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2016\/jan\/07\/paris-police-shoot-dead-man-near-police-station\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">8 January 2016<\/a>). This modus operandi was again reminded in <em>Dabiq<\/em> #12 in the reference to Islamic State&#8217;s spokesman Al-Adnani (p.40). A few contacts, a light network of like-minded people,\u00a0or just individual belief in the Islamic State and its Khilafah may be enough to generate action.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Furthermore, Islamic States&#8217; partisans\u00a0also favour operations that are relatively easy to organise, yet deadly and complex to stop, as pointed out by Watts in his paragraph &#8220;Al Qaeda Tried Too Hard \u2014 ISIL Gets It&#8221; (Clint Watts, \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/warontherocks.com\/2015\/11\/what-paris-taught-us-about-the-islamic-state\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What Paris taught us about the Islamic State\u201d<\/a>, <em>War on the Rocks<\/em>, 16 Nov 2015).\u00a0Meanwhile, the Islamic State can use its\u00a0psyops products for any kind of \u00a0practical\u00a0&#8220;fighting&#8221; advice to far away untrained &#8220;fighters&#8221;, as shown by the article\u00a0&#8220;Et pr\u00e9parez contre eux tout ce que vous pouvez comme force&#8221; (<em>Dar al-Islam<\/em> #6,\u00a027 Sept 2015: 34-39). There, it\u00a0minutely explained how to handle and use various weapons.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In those cases, we may wonder if the Islamic State&#8217;s psyops products, including in terms of content, have not become one of the best place where to find indications that something is going to happen, where and how, besides successful attacks themselves, which trigger new ones. True enough, the information thus gathered may not have the degree of precision or the nature of those usually sought in counter-terrorism, but they should nevertheless be considered as helping narrowing down the field of possibilities. Combined with more classical counter-terrorist intelligence surveillance and psyops&#8217; analysis, as inherited from previous periods including the fight against Al Qaeda until the birth of the Khilafah, it could help towards a better warning regarding potential future attacks and thus towards prevention.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The case of Bangladesh\u00a0also stresses again a\u00a0new type of threats to the societies attacked, where anyone, anywhere, can be the target of pretty much anyone who decides to answer the call of the Islamic State, as we already pointed out (&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/01\/16\/islamic-state-psyops-worlds-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Worlds War<\/a>&#8221; and &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/02\/09\/islamic-states-psyops-ultimate-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ultimate War<\/a>&#8220;) and as was also most probably operative\u00a0in the San Bernardino and London tube attacks (<em>BBC News<\/em>, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-35018789\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Leytonstone Tube station stabbing a &#8216;terrorist incident&#8217;<\/a>&#8220;, 6 Dec 2016; &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2015_San_Bernardino_attack\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015 San Bernardino attack<\/a>&#8220;, Wikipedia).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10983\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10983\" style=\"width: 250px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Bengal-shia-sc-dabiq.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10983 noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10983 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/Bengal-shia-sc-dabiq.jpg\" alt=\"Bengal shia sc dabiq\" width=\"250\" height=\"203\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10983\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">From Dabiq 12, &#8220;The Revival of Jihad in Bengal&#8221;, p.41 &#8211; The caption reads &#8220;\ufffcHosseini Dalan&#8221;, the Rafidi temple targeted by the mujahidin of Bengal&#8221;. Al-Hayat Media Center, 18 Nov 2015.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Second, the attacks in Bangladesh confirm once more the anti-Shi&#8217;a component of the Islamic State&#8217;s beliefs and aims (see all issues of <em>Dabiq<\/em>).\u00a0The Islamic State\u00a0does not only attack Shiites\u00a0as enemies but, by so doing, also favours\u00a0a\u00a0heightening of a competition within the Sunni world for sectarian legitimacy.\u00a0In this sectarian race, the harsher against Shiites, the more legitimate in term of Sunni Islam. This aspect has fundamental consequences in terms of creating a working coalition to fight the Islamic State, as it favours a division among the Khilafah&#8217;s foes, when those are not wise enough to overcome the lure of sectarianism mixed with other ambitions, as we witness for example\u00a0in the case of Saudi Arabia, where its regional ambitions, multiple tensions resulting from a competition related to oil and the war in Yemen, seem to have priority over the war\u00a0against the Islamic State (e.g. <em>DeutscheWelle<\/em>, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dw.com\/en\/german-spy-agency-warns-of-saudi-intervention-destabilizing-arab-world\/a-18889664\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">German spy agency warns of Saudi intervention destabilizing Arab world<\/a>&#8220;, 2 Dec 2015; Fatima Ayub, ed.\u00a0<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ecfr.eu\/page\/-\/ECFR91_GULF_ANALYSIS_AW.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Gulf and Sectarianism<\/a><\/em>, European Council on Foreign Relations, 91, Nov 2013), as probably again indicated by the heightening of tensions with Iran following the execution of Shi&#8217;a\u00a0Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr (e.g.\u00a0Paul Iddon, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/rudaw.net\/english\/analysis\/08012016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Was Saudi Arabia\u2019s execution of Sheikh Nimr calculated or reckless?<\/a>&#8220;, <em>Rudaw<\/em>, 8 Jan 2016; Jon Schwarz, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/theintercept.com\/2016\/01\/06\/one-map-that-explains-the-dangerous-saudi-iranian-conflict\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">One Map That Explains the Dangerous Saudi-Iranian Conflict<\/a>&#8220;, <em>The Intercept<\/em>, 6 Jan 2016)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Third, exemplifying\u00a0our related general comments in &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/11\/23\/war-islamic-state-global-theatre-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Global Theatre of War<\/a>&#8220;, the attacks have\u00a0an impact on Bangladesh resources, including intangible ones. The police needs to use resources to investigate attacks, the medical institutions must treat the wounded, while life is lost. Then, the fear created by the heavy use of terrorism, added to the incapacity of states and their governments to prevent them, has a direct economic impact: in the case of Bangladesh, multinationals and other contractors reduced their travels to the country which may seriously hamper the garment business (Ruma Paul, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/bangladesh-attacks-garments-idUSL3N12E2I420151014#gvWVJQB8tHsbZAvv.97\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Western retail giants restrict travel to Bangladesh after attacks<\/a>&#8220;,\u00a0<em>Reuters<\/em>, 14 Oct 0215). Finally, incapacity to face the threat added to Bangladesh\u00a0authorities&#8217;\u00a0denial has the potential to damage the legitimacy of the political authorities. It could thus contribute to an already existing fragility of the state, as underlined by C. Christine Fair (&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/jihadology.net\/2015\/11\/11\/jihadology-podcast-islamist-militancy-in-bangladesh-then-now\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Islamist Militancy in Bangladesh: Then &amp; Now<\/a>&#8220;, <em>Jihadology Podcast<\/em>, 11 Nov 2015), or by Michael Kugelman and Atif Jalal Ahmadto (&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalinterest.org\/feature\/will-isis-infect-south-asia-14538?page=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Will ISIS Infect Bangladesh?<\/a>&#8220;, <em>The National Interest<\/em>, 8 Dec 2015). \u00a0In turn, if fragility rises, then it will probably become\u00a0easier for the Islamic State to spread and entrench itself.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Finally, being able to operate through successful attacks in a far away non-Arab country &#8211; and this is of course also valid in the case of Southeast Asia &#8211; enhances the status that the Islamic State and its Khilafah want to project: that they are\u00a0for truly all Muslims and are freely joined for this reason (see part Salafism as answer in H. Lavoix, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/03\/30\/the-islamic-state-psyops-foreign-fighters-complexes-3\/\">The Islamic State Psyops \u2013 Foreign Fighters\u2019 Complexes (2)<\/a>&#8220;, <em>RTAS<\/em>, 30\u00a0March\u00a02015). Indeed <em>Dabiq<\/em>&#8216;s article on Bangladesh (ibid.) stresses the self-made indigenous character of the group, with an indigenous leadership, which joined the Khilafah. Reciprocally, the alleged emergence of this self-made group\u00a0enhances the Islamic State&#8217;s charisma\u00a0as it is, always according to <em>Dabiq<\/em>, because of the creation of the Khilafah that fighters in Bangladesh found the strength to unit and to carry out their jihad. As previously in the case of the Southeast Asia, but here in a way that is explicitly spelled out in <em>Dabiq<\/em>, we see an early indication of a potential linkage\u00a0with the\u00a0Rohingya crisis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">These cases of\u00a0global geographical implantation of the Islamic State and its Khilafah emphasise\u00a0the linkages existing between various theatres of war and how crucial it is to include this global dimension in any strategy to fight the Islamic State.<\/p>\n<h6><em>Note \u2014<\/em><\/h6>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>* Ribat<\/em>: the a-geographical potentially shifting \u201cborders\u201d of the Khilafah, or where it is carrying the fight, in various, more or less intense ways as seen\u00a0when studying its worldview in \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/01\/16\/islamic-state-psyops-worlds-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Worlds War<\/a>\u201d and \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2015\/02\/09\/islamic-states-psyops-ultimate-war\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ultimate War<\/a>\u201c, building notably on <a href=\"http:\/\/govinfo.library.unt.edu\/911\/hearings\/hearing1\/witness_ranstorp.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Magnus Ranstorp<\/a>\u2018s\u00a0explanation: <em>ribat<\/em>means\u00a0\u201cplacing oneself at the frontlines where Islam was [is] under siege\u201d (<a href=\"http:\/\/govinfo.library.unt.edu\/911\/hearings\/hearing1\/witness_ranstorp.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Statement\u00a0<\/a>31 December 2003,\u00a0using Bin-laden\u2019s mentor Azzam book\u00a0<em>Caravan of Martyrs<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Featured image:\u00a0Still from the video \u201cTraining Camp\u201d by Jund al-Khil\u0101fah in the Philippines &#8211; 30 Dec 2015.<\/p>\n<p>About the author:<em> Helene Lavoix, PhD Lond (International Relations), is the Director of The Red (Team) Analysis Society. She is specialised in strategic foresight and warning for national and international security issues<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7f8e\u7d22\u4e0d\u8fbe\u7c73\u4e9a\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u56fd\u7684\u7ede\u7d22\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6b63\u5728\u6162\u6162\u6536\u7d27\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8003\u8651Khilafah\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5c42\u9762\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7684\u786e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5730\u7406\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u56fd\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u53cd\u51fb\u548c\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u610f\u613f\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u5168\u7403... <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2016\/01\/11\/at-war-against-a-global-islamic-state-from-indonesia-to-bangladesh\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\"\u4e0e\u5168\u7403\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f5c\u6218--\u4ece\u83f2\u5f8b\u5bbe\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u5230\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u56fd\"<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10994,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1148,2501,1947],"tags":[1422,1789,150,1908,1929,1650,1628,1396,2560,2124,522],"class_list":["post-10814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-east-asia-security","category-south-asia","category-the-islamic-state","tag-bangladesh","tag-featured","tag-indonesia","tag-is","tag-isil","tag-isis","tag-islamic-state","tag-malaysia","tag-open-access","tag-the-philippines","tag-war","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>At War against a Global Islamic State - from the Philippines and Indonesia to Bangladesh &#8226; 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She holds a PhD in political studies and a MSc in international politics of Asia (distinction) from the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London, as well as a Master in finance (valedictorian, Grande \u00c9cole, France). An expert in strategic foresight and early warning, especially for national and international security issues, she combines 30 years of experience in international relations and almost 20 years in strategic foresight and warning. Dr. Lavoix has lived and worked in five countries, conducted missions in 16 others, and trained high-level officers around the world, for example in Singapore and as part of European programs in Tunisia and Jordan. She has been a lecturer (Master level) and taught the methodology and practice of strategic foresight and early warning in prestigious institutions such as the RSIS in Singapore, SciencesPo-PSIA in France, the Ecole Sup\u00e9rieure des Forces de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Int\u00e9rieure in Tunisia and the ENA Tunis, Institute of Leadership. She regularly publishes on geopolitical issues, supply and uranium security, artificial intelligence, the international order, China\u2019s rise and other international security topics. 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