{"id":43126,"date":"2026-02-02T13:05:18","date_gmt":"2026-02-02T12:05:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/?p=43126"},"modified":"2026-04-04T09:47:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T07:47:31","slug":"%e5%a8%81%e8%83%81-%e6%a0%bc%e9%99%b5%e5%85%b0%e4%b8%8e%e6%ac%a7%e7%9b%9f%e7%9a%84%e8%b4%b8%e6%98%93%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2026\/02\/02\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u683c\u9675\u5170\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd-\u6b27\u76df\u8d38\u6613\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u6b27\u76df\u8bae\u4f1a\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u672a\u6765"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right alignright wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16.5px\">(Art direction and design:<a href=\"https:\/\/jdlavoixcarli.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Jean-Dominique Lavoix-Carli)<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Following the 2026 summit in Davos, the American threat on Greenland has taken a less dramatic turn. However, the issue has not disappeared. Meanwhile, the impacts of the crisis are wide-ranging and will be long-lasting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a result, we must continue monitoring how events unfold. Critically, we also need to identify all dynamics linked to the issue to foresee impacts and their severity, so as to be able to answer them adequately.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list alignright wp-block-latest-posts is-layout-flow wp-block-latest-posts-is-layout-flow\"><li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Broadcast-Map-of-Yemen-in-Studio-250x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Broadcast-Map-of-Yemen-in-Studio-250x150.png 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Broadcast-Map-of-Yemen-in-Studio-18x10.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2026\/10\/16\/rtas-expertise-italian-television-channel-la7\/\">RTAS Expertise Highlighted on Italian Television Channel LA7<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Featured image of the article &quot;The Houthis, Bab el-Mandeb, and Maritime Transport&quot; by Dr H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoix for RTAS - Image by Jean-Dominique Lavoix-Carli\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Houthis-Mandeb.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2026\/10\/08\/houthis-bab-el-mandeb-maritime-transport\/\">The Houthis, Bab el-Mandeb, and Maritime Transport<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/RTAS-Lithium-Article.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2026\/07\/15\/mystery-bolivia-lithium-reserves\/\">The Strange Mystery of Bolivia&#8217;s Lithium Reserves<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/RTAS-Toynbee-Challenges-Pressures-1568-x-941.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2026\/04\/09\/beyond-geopolitics-critical-pressures\/\">Beyond Geopolitics: Understanding the Critical Pressures Reshaping Our World.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><div class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"250\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-250x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"max-width:63px;max-height:38px;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-250x150.jpg 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-500x300.jpg 500w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-1536x922.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-1320x792.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi-1038x623.jpg 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/RTAS-watch-saudi.jpg 1568w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw \/ 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw \/ 12)), 100vw\" \/><\/div><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2026\/03\/30\/watch-out-saudi-arabia-winner-iran-war\/\">WATCH OUT &#8211; The Iran War, Saudi Arabia, and the Houthis<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this article, while also updating the evolution of the trilateral situation between Greenland, Denmark and the U.S., we focus on one dynamic triggered by the U.S. threat on Greenland, which then, in turn, impacts the very future of Europe, as well as all actors in their everyday dealing with the U.S.. We examine <strong>the consequences of the crisis on the U.S.-EU trade framework signed over the Summer 2025<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We explain first why and how the ratification of the framework was frozen. Then we look at the next stages, highlighting that a return to the past is very unlikely. Following interactions between actors, notably within the European Parliament (EP), we underline the existence of two poles behind a united approach for Europe. Finally, we outline two major impacts: further instability in terms of international trade and possible futures for the European Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Freezing the U.S.-EU Trade Framework<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Escalation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As American President Trump was escalating the issue over Greenland during the first weeks of January 2026, the European institutions and the European member states came to Denmark and Greenland&#8217;s aide, thus demonstrating the strength of union over disunion, whatever the level of support actually given.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On 15 January, as part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forsvaret.dk\/en\/roles-and-responsibilities\/oget-tilstedevarelse-i-arktis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Exercise Arctic Endurance<\/a>, Denmark&#8217;s European and NATO allies, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom sent token troops to Greenland, besides those sent by Denmark, to show resolve in addressing the U.S. threat against Greenland.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-1\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"1\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-1\">1<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elysee.fr\/en\/emmanuel-macron\/2026\/01\/18\/statement-by-denmark-finland-france-germany-the-netherlands-norway-sweden-and-the-united-kingdom\">Statement by Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom<\/a>, 18 January 2026; e.g. <a href=\"https:\/\/uk.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/en\/france-join-operation-arctic-endurance-greenland-minister\">France to join Operation Arctic Endurance in Greenland<\/a> &#8211; Minister.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2303\" height=\"1817\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023.png\" alt=\"EU and US imports exports 2023 per EU member state\" class=\"wp-image-43191\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023.png 2303w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-380x300.png 380w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-1193x941.png 1193w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-768x606.png 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-1536x1212.png 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-2048x1616.png 2048w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-15x12.png 15w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-1568x1237.png 1568w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-1320x1041.png 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-250x197.png 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EU-US-imports-exports-2023-1038x819.png 1038w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2303px) 100vw, 2303px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The EU imports and exports (goods) to the U.S. per EU member states &#8211; 2023 in USD bn &#8211; Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/wits.worldbank.org\/CountryProfile\/en\/Country\/SWE\/Year\/2023\/TradeFlow\/EXPIMP\/Partner\/USA\/Product\/all-groups\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">World Bank<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In retaliation, on 17 January, President Trump threatened to levy up to 25% tariffs on those eight European countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;<em>&#8230; Starting on February 1st, 2026, all of the above mentioned Countries (Denmark, Norway, Sweden, France, Germany, The United Kingdom, The Netherlands, and Finland), will be charged a 10% Tariff on any and all goods sent to the United States of America. On June 1st, 2026, the Tariff will be increased to 25%. This Tariff will be due and payable until such time as a Deal is reached for the Complete and Total purchase of Greenland. &#8230;&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<cite>@realDonaldTrump on TruthSocial, <a href=\"https:\/\/truthsocial.com\/@realDonaldTrump\/115911344443637897\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">17 January 2026 Message<\/a>.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2547\" height=\"1753\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state.png\" alt=\"The U.S. - EU trade in Goods imbalance unpacked: a highly diverse situation according to EU member states - 2023 in USD bn\" class=\"wp-image-43192\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state.png 2547w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-436x300.png 436w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-1367x941.png 1367w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-768x529.png 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-1536x1057.png 1536w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-2048x1410.png 2048w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-1568x1079.png 1568w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-1320x909.png 1320w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-250x172.png 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/trade-surplus-per-member-state-1038x714.png 1038w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2547px) 100vw, 2547px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The U.S. &#8211; EU trade (goods) imbalance unpacked &#8211; 2023 in USD bn &#8211; Data: <a href=\"https:\/\/wits.worldbank.org\/CountryProfile\/en\/Country\/SWE\/Year\/2023\/TradeFlow\/EXPIMP\/Partner\/USA\/Product\/all-groups\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">World Bank<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a result, on 18 January, the European Parliament (EP) froze the <a href=\"https:\/\/policy.trade.ec.europa.eu\/news\/joint-statement-united-states-european-union-framework-agreement-reciprocal-fair-and-balanced-trade-2025-08-21_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">United States-European Union framework on an agreement on reciprocal, fair and balanced trade<\/a>, which had been signed over the Summer 2025.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-2\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"2\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-2\">2<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"2\">We should note that this agreement only concerns trade in goods where the balance of trade is favourable to the EU and not services where it is unfavourable to the EU. In 2024, the EU imported \u20ac334.8 billion&nbsp;worth of goods imports from the US and exported \u20ac532.3 billion&nbsp;worth of goods to the US, thus showing a surplus of \u20ac197.5 billion. However, the EU imported \u20ac482.5 billion&nbsp;worth of services imports from the US and exported \u20ac334.5 billion&nbsp;worth of services to the US, thus showing a deficit of \u20ac148 billion. As a whole the EU trade surplus with the U.S. is 49,5 billion (Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/infographics\/eu-us-trade\/\">EU-US trade: facts and figures<\/a>)<\/span>. Indeed, to come into force, the trade framework must be ratified by the European Parliament (see the box below for the EU process of adoption of new formal trade agreements; note that the US-EU framework is not considered as a usual trade agreement, thus the initial stage would be absent, the stages described in this article are in red). Because of President Trump&#8217;s threats the Parliament considered the ratification vote planned for the end of January was impossible.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-43054\" style=\"width:350px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1.png 1080w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1-941x941.png 941w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1-12x12.png 12w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1-250x250.png 250w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1-1038x1038.png 1038w, https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/EP-political-parties-1-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">German MEP <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/meps\/fr\/1909\/BERND_LANGE\/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bernd Lange<\/a> (Progressive Alliance of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.socialistsanddemocrats.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Socialists and Democrats<\/a> &#8211; S&amp;D, the second largest group of the current EP), chair of the Parliament\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/committees\/en\/inta\/home\/highlights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">International Trade Committee<\/a> (INTA), said &#8220;he would ask the European Commission next week to use the Anti-Coercion Instrument (ACI) \u2013 the bloc\u2019s so-called&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/news\/parliament-seeks-to-improve-us-deal-holds-fire-on-rejection-bazooka\/\">\u2018trade bazooka\u2019<\/a>.&#8221;<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-3\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"3\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-3\">3<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"3\">Sofia Sanchez Manzanaro, &#8220;Trump\u2019s latest tariffs threaten to torpedo EU-US trade pact&#8221;, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/news\/trumps-latest-tariffs-threaten-to-torpedo-eu-us-trade-pact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Euractiv<\/a><\/em>, 17 January 2026.<\/span> This was in line with S&amp;D President Iratxe Garc\u00eda&#8217;s statement, who called to suspend the EU-US trade deal and activate the Anti-Coercion Instrument.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-4\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"4\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-4\">4<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"4\">S&amp;Ds Press Release, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.socialistsanddemocrats.eu\/newsroom\/sds-eu-us-trade-deal-must-remain-frozen-until-strategy-clear\">S&amp;Ds: EU-US trade deal must remain frozen until strategy clear<\/a>, 23 January 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Similarly, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/meps\/fr\/28229\/MANFRED_WEBER\/home\">Manfred Weber<\/a>, the leader of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eppgroup.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">European People&#8217;s Party<\/a> &#8211; EPP (Christian Democrats), the largest group at the European Parliament, which holds the Presidency of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/committees\/en\/afet\/home\/highlights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Foreign Affairs Committee<\/a> (AFET), stated it was impossible to approve the EU-US deal.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-5\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"5\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-5\">5<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"5\">Ibid., <em>Euractiv<\/em>, 18 January 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We thus had, indeed, a united reaction of the European Parliament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Davos de-escalation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then, the Davos events unfolded. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On 21st January, first, during his speech, President Trump explained he would not use force to take Greenland, yet continued to express despise against Europeans as well as threats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Read Extracts from President Trump speech at Davos<\/summary>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\">&#8230;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\"><em>THE PRESIDENT:&nbsp; <\/em>00:19:36-00:20:01 (25 sec)<br>And perhaps no current issue makes the situation more clear than what&#8217;s currently going on with Greenland. <strong>Would you like me to say a few words on Greenland? [Laughter]<\/strong><br>I was going to leave it out of the speech, but I thought I think I would have been reviewed very negatively. I have tremendous respect for both the people of Greenland and the people of Denmark, tremendous respect.<br>But every NATO ally has an obligation to be able to defend their own territory. <strong>And the fact is no nation or group of nations is in any position to be able to secure Greenland other than the United States. We&#8217;re a great power, much greater than people even understand. I think they found that out two weeks ago in Venezuela.<\/strong><br>\u2026<br>After the war we gave Greenland back to Denmark.<br>How stupid were we to do that? But we did it. But we gave it back. But how ungrateful are they now? So, now, our country and the world face much greater risks than it did ever before because of missiles, because of nuclear, because of weapons of warfare that I can&#8217;t even talk about. Two weeks ago, they saw weapons that nobody ever heard of. They weren&#8217;t able to fire one shot at us. They said what happened.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\">Everything was discombobulated. They said we&#8217;ve got him in our sights, pressed the trigger, and nothing happened. No anti-aircraft missiles went up. There was one that went up about 30 feet and crashed down, right next to the people that sent it. They said what the hell is going on. Those defensive systems were made by Russia and by China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\">So, they&#8217;re going to go back to the drawing boards, I guess. Greenland is a vast, almost entirely uninhabited and undeveloped territory. It&#8217;s sitting undefended in a key strategic location between the United States, Russia and China. That&#8217;s exactly where it is, right smack in the middle &#8212; wasn&#8217;t important, nearly, when we gave it back.<br>You know, when we gave it back, it wasn&#8217;t the same as it is now. It&#8217;s not important for any other reason. <strong>You know, everyone talks about the minerals.<\/strong> <strong>There&#8217;s so many &#8212; there&#8217;s no rare earth, no such thing as rare earth, there&#8217;s rare processing.<\/strong> But there&#8217;s so much rare earth and this to get to this rare earth, you&#8217;ve got to go through hundreds of feet of ice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\"><strong>That&#8217;s not the reason we need it. We need it for strategic national security and international security.<\/strong> <strong>This enormous unsecured island is actually part of North America on the northern frontier of the Western Hemisphere. That&#8217;s our territory. It is therefore a core national security interest of the United States of America.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\">And in fact, it&#8217;s been our policy for hundreds of years to prevent outside threats from entering our hemisphere. And we&#8217;ve done it very successfully. We&#8217;ve never been stronger than we are now. That&#8217;s why American presidents have sought to purchase Greenland for nearly two centuries. You know, for two centuries, they&#8217;ve been trying to do it. They should have kept it after World War II, but they had a different president.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\">That&#8217;s all right. People think differently. Much more necessary now than it was at that time, however. In 2019, Denmark said that they would spend over $200 million to strengthen Greenland&#8217;s defenses. But as you know, they spent less than 1 percent of that amount &#8212; 1 percent, there&#8217;s no sign of Denmark there, and I say that with great respect for Denmark whose people I love, whose leaders are very good.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\"><strong>It&#8217;s the United States alone that can protect this giant mass of land, this giant piece of ice, develop it and improve it and make it so that it&#8217;s good for Europe and safe for Europe and good for us<\/strong>. <strong>And that&#8217;s the reason I&#8217;m seeking immediate negotiations to once again discuss the acquisition of Greenland by the United States, just as we have acquired many other territories throughout our history, as many of the European nations have.<\/strong><br>They&#8217;ve acquired &#8212; there&#8217;s nothing wrong with it. Many of them, some went in reverse actually, if you look. Some had great vast wealth, great vast lands all over the world. They went in reverse. They&#8217;re stuck back where they started, that happens too, but some grow. But this would not be a threat to NATO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\"><strong>This would greatly enhance the security of the entire alliance, the NATO alliance. The United States is treated very unfairly by NATO<\/strong>; I want to tell you that. And when you think about it, nobody can dispute it. We give so much and we get so little in return. And I&#8217;ve been a critic of NATO for many years and yet I&#8217;ve done more to help NATO than any other president by far &#8212; than any other person\u2026..<br>\u2026.<br>But then more importantly I got NATO to pay 5 percent and now they were paying and now they are paying. So, something nobody said was possible. They said we will never go up higher than 2 percent, but they went to 5 percent and now they&#8217;re paying the 5. They didn&#8217;t pay the 2 and now they&#8217;re paying the 5, and they&#8217;re stronger for it and they have an excellent, by the way, secretary general who&#8217;s possibly in the room.<br>Mark, are you here? Yes, he&#8217;s here. Hello, Mark. <strong>We never asked for anything and we never got anything.<\/strong> <strong>We probably won&#8217;t get anything unless I decide to use excessive strength and force where we would be frankly unstoppable. But I won&#8217;t do that, OK? Now everyone&#8217;s saying, oh good. That&#8217;s probably the biggest statement I made because people thought I would use force.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\"><strong>I don&#8217;t have to use force. I don&#8217;t want to use force; I won&#8217;t use force.<\/strong> <strong>All the United States is asking for is a place called Greenland where we already had it as a trustee but respectfully returned it back to Denmark <\/strong>not long ago after we defeated the Germans, the Japanese, the Italians and others in World War II, we gave it back to them.<br>\u2026<br>So, what we have gotten out of NATO is nothing except to protect Europe from the Soviet Union and now Russia. I mean we&#8217;ve helped them for so many years. We&#8217;ve never gotten anything, except we pay for NATO, and we paid for many years until I came along, we paid for, in my opinion, 100 percent of NATO because they weren&#8217;t paying their bills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\"><strong>And all we&#8217;re asking for is to get Greenland, including right title and ownership, because you need the ownership to defend it. <\/strong>You can&#8217;t defend it on a lease. Number one, legally, it&#8217;s not defensible that way totally. And number two, psychologically, who the hell wants to defend a license agreement or a lease, which is a large piece of ice in the middle of the ocean where, if there is a war, much of the action will take place on that piece of ice.<br>Think of it &#8212; those missiles would be flying right over the center of that piece of ice. <strong>All we want from Denmark for national and international security, and to keep our very energetic and dangerous potential enemies at bay, is this land on which we&#8217;re going to build the greatest golden dome ever built.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.8em;font-style:italic;font-weight:400\">&#8230;<\/p>\n<cite><br><a href=\"Speech: Donald Trump Delivers an Address at the World Economic Forum in Davos - January 21, 2026 - Transcript\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/rollcall.com\/factbase\/trump\/transcript\/donald-trump-speech-world-economic-forum-davos-january-21-2026\/<\/a> &#8211; Roll Call Factbase &#8211; my emphasis<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then, followed a meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump and NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte. It resulted in a &#8220;framework of a future deal with respect to Greenland&#8221;. The framework was far from being clear apart from an &#8220;unlimited timeframe&#8221; according to the President and was to be specified during negotiations over the next two weeks.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-6\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"6\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-6\">6<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"6\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/w3ZlYfI5Ldw?si=uTUPGzj4y6vT-P0D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Youtube video<\/a>, &#8220;President Trump comments after the meeting with Mark Rutte&#8221;, <em>KTVU FOX 2 San Francisco<\/em>, 21 January 2026<\/span>. It nonetheless led to further de-escalation, as President Trump abandoned his threat of levying tariffs on the eight nations involved in the Exercise Arctic Endurance.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-7\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"7\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-7\">7<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"7\">Ibid.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We may think that we would go back to the situation before escalation took place, but that would be a mistake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">No return to the past<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">First, on 22 January 2026, even though President Trump appeared as appeased by the new framework for Greenland, the planned Emergency EU summit on the issue went ahead. There, EU leaders, reportedly, stood together for a more united and independent Europe, even if the different states showed varying degrees of support to the idea.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-8\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"8\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-8\">8<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"8\">e.g. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-leaders-agree-independent-europe-summit-emmanuel-macron-friedrich-merz\/\">Politico<\/a><\/em>, &#8220;This was the moment EU leaders agreed Europe must go it alone&#8221;, 23 January 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nonetheless, a return to business as usual was indeed what European Parliament President <a href=\"https:\/\/the-president.europarl.europa.eu\/en\/the-presidency\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Roberta Metsola<\/a> (EPP) thought would occur. Indeed, after the 22 January emergency EU summit, she stated that it was now necessary to proceed rapidly with the vote of the U.S.-EU deal.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-9\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"9\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-9\">9<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"9\">Eddy Wax<strong>\/<\/strong>Sofia Sanchez Manzanaro<strong>\/<\/strong>Thomas Moller-Nielsen, &#8220;European Parliament chief pledges to close EU-US trade pact&#8221;, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/news\/european-parliament-chief-pledges-to-close-eu-us-trade-pact\/\">Euractiv<\/a><\/em>, 22 January 2026<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Meanwhile, the President of the Council of the European Union, Ant\u00f3nio Costa, adopted a position similar to Metsola, stating that although Europeans must be respected, although only Denmark and Greenland can decide for matters about themselves, and that they have the full support of the European Union, although respecting the principles of international law, notably territoriality and sovereignty was paramount, nonetheless, &#8220;<strong>Our focus must now be on moving forward on the implementation of that deal. The goal remains the effective stabilization of the trade relations between the European Union and the US<\/strong>&#8220;.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-10\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"10\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-10\">10<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"10\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/press\/press-releases\/2026\/01\/23\/oral-conclusions-drawn-by-president-antonio-costa-following-the-informal-meeting-of-the-members-of-the-european-council-of-22-january-2026\/\">European Council<\/a><\/em>, &#8220;Oral conclusions drawn by President Ant\u00f3nio Costa following the informal meeting of the members of the European Council of 22 January 2026&#8221;, 23 January 2026.<\/span> The President of the Council thus hoped, too, for an immediate return to business as usual.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But this is not what happened.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indeed, the very vagueness of the &#8220;framework for Greenland&#8221;, the shock created by the escalation and the behaviour of the U.S., which had gone from being an allie to carrying out threats, President Trump&#8217;s continuous boasting, his contempt and scorn for Europe and European leaders, his repeated disregard for the principles of the international order since he came to power in 2024, by speech and deeds, for example Venezuela and then the threat against Greenland, to highlight some of the most important factors, created the very conditions that allowed new dynamics to unfold.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-11\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"11\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-11\">11<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"11\">e.g. Statement of International Law Scholars on the United States Military Aggression against Venezuela,&nbsp;<em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/voelkerrechtsblog.org\/statemenot-of-international-law-scholar-on-the-united-states-military-aggression-against-venezuela\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">V\u00f6lkerrechtsblog<\/a>,<\/em><\/em>&nbsp;30.01.2026; H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoix, &#8220;How to use AI for Weak Signals \u2013 Trump, the International Revolutionary?&#8221;, <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2025\/03\/14\/ai-weak-signals-trump-international-revolutionary\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em><\/a>, 14 March 2025.<\/span> These dynamics constitute part of the impacts for the Greenland crisis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On 23 January 2026, the S&amp;D, in its quality of lead of the Committee on International Trade, published a press release stating that the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.socialistsanddemocrats.eu\/newsroom\/sds-eu-us-trade-deal-must-remain-frozen-until-strategy-clear\">EU-US trade deal must remain frozen until strategy clear<\/a>. The decision regarding when to vote on the EU-US trade deal was to be taken on 27 January 2026. The S&amp;D notably wanted to know more and &#8220;in writing&#8221; about the so-called framework decided between President Trump and NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte. Meanwhile, the press release scolded EP President Metsola, reminding her of her place and role.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group fichecontent\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\"><strong>The European Union and New Trade Agreements<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">&#8220;In the opening stages, the Council authorises the European Commission to negotiate a new trade agreement on behalf of the EU. This is done through a \u2018negotiating mandate\u2019. With this authorisation, the Council provides negotiating directives which include the objectives, scope and possible time limits of the negotiations. <em>Nota: the US-EU framework being not a conventional trade deal, this step did not concern the framework<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">The Commission then negotiates with the partner country on behalf of the EU, in close cooperation with the Council and the European Parliament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">After agreement on the text of the deal is reached with partners, the Commission submits a formal proposal for adoption to the Council.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">Following discussions, the Council adopts a decision on the signing of the agreement on behalf of the EU. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">It then sends the signed agreement to the European Parliament for consent.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">The parliamentary committees carry out Parliament\u2019s in-depth work. They examine legislative proposals, amend them and vote on them during their monthly meetings. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">The parliamentary committees then submit<br>their report to Parliament as a whole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-primary-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">Parliament adopts [or not] the text of the legislative proposal at its plenary session.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">In the final stages, once the European Parliament has given its consent, the Council adopts the decision to conclude the agreement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">Once agreement is reached between Parliament and the Council, the legislative act is published in the Official Journal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:0.7em\">It is then transposed into national legislation, and applies to all European citizens.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>Council of the European Union, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/policies\/trade-agreements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EU Trade Agreements<\/a>; European Parliament, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/cmsdata\/committees\/booklet\/Committees-quick-look-EN-web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A quick look at Parliamentary committees<\/a>.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As planned, on 27 January, as reported by Politico according to interviews, discussions taking place behind closed doors, &#8220;<strong>The European Parliament &#8230; postponed its decision to unfreeze the EU-U.S. trade deal<\/strong> \u2014&nbsp;but signalled it would do so at a later date&#8221;.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-12\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"12\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-12\">12<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"12\">Max Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament delays decision to unfreeze US trade deal&#8221; , <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-delays-decision-unfreeze-us-trade-deal\/\">Politico<\/a>, 27 January 2026<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Meanwhile, it seems that the European Commission also wanted to see the deal ratified and said so to the Committee.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-13\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"13\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-13\">13<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"13\">Ibid.<\/span> The members of the European Parliament (MEPs) thus felt that they are those responsible for making sure the Commission does not bow to the U.S..<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-14\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"14\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-14\">14<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"14\">Ibid.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The trade commission meets again on 4 February 2026 and will then decide on next steps, which could be to unfreeze, or not, the ratification of the deal, and when a vote could take place.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-15\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"15\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-15\">15<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"15\">Ibid; Max Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament eyes US trade deal approval with Trump-proof safeguards&#8221;, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-us-trade-deal-approval-us-donald-trump-proof-safeguards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Politico<\/em><\/a>, 28 January 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the meantime, the MEPs of the Trade Committee discuss behind closed doors how to amend the U.S.-EU framework to make sure it protects the EU from any further American threats or aggressive actions.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-16\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"16\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-16\">16<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"16\">For this entire paragraph, Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament &#8230;&#8221;, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-us-trade-deal-approval-us-donald-trump-proof-safeguards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Politico<\/em><\/a>, 28 January 2026.<\/span> Reportedly, the S&amp;D and Renew envision safeguard clauses voiding the deal in case of threats to territorial sovereignty. They also want to better define and specify the terms of the deal: for example new American tariffs threat would automatically suspending the framework. For their parts, the MEPs of the EPP, which is pushing for a rapid adoption of the U.S.-EU trade framework and thus for a return to business as usual, would agree with safeguard clauses, but possibly restricted to specific items and not with an effect on the complete deal. They oppose the S&amp;D demand to the European Commission to investigate a possible American coercion aiming at forcing Denmark to abandon Greenland, which then would trigger the EU\u2019s&nbsp;Anti-Coercion Instrument. All would agree on a clause giving power to the European Commission to review the deal after a set period of time, while the items on steel must be revised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the members of the trade commission agree relatively rapidly on the text, then they could vote on the latter on 23-24 February, but, again, this will be decided on 4 February.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-17\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"17\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-17\">17<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"17\">Ibid.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The modifications of the U.S.-EU framework, as well as the decision to vote upon the amended text and when to do so will depend upon the way other events and dynamics unfold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, the start of the technical talks through a working group between the U.S., Denmark, and&nbsp;Greenland&nbsp;over Arctic security on 28 January can be seen as a positive signal.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-18\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"18\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-18\">18<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"18\">Aamer Madhani Associated Press, &#8220;Rubio says technical talks with Denmark, Greenland officials over Arctic security have begun&#8221;, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/US\/wireStory\/rubio-technical-talks-denmark-greenland-officials-arctic-security-129644099\">ABC News<\/a><\/em>, 28 January 2026.<\/span> However, even if Denmark\u2019s foreign minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen welcomed the start of the talks, qualifying them of &#8220;\u201cvery constructive\u201d, he also highlighted:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c<em>It\u2019s not that things are solved but it is good because now we are back to what we agreed in Washington exactly two weeks and a day ago. After that, there was a major detour. Things were escalating but now we are back on track.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<cite>Danish Foreign Minister Lars Lokke RasmussenSpeaking to reporters in Brussels ahead of a meeting of European Union foreign ministers, reported by Sam Meredith, &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2026\/01\/29\/greenland-denmark-us-trump-talks-arctic-security-nato.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Denmark lauds constructive talks with U.S. over Greenland: \u2018Now we are back on track<\/a>&#8220;, <em>CNBC<\/em>, 29 January 2026.<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thus, the members of the Trade Committee most probably consider those two elements: things are back to normal, but this is very similar to what happened before escalation; hence we absolutely need to make sure no such tension and escalation can start again. They are also very likely to be influenced by all the other speeches, statements and events taking place and informing their vision of the Trump Presidency, notably with regard to Europe, but not only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Update 11 February 26<\/em>: You can follow how things evolve with the following: Trade Committee <a href=\"https:\/\/www.socialistsanddemocrats.eu\/newsroom\/sds-will-not-support-eu-us-deal-unless-their-demands-protect-eu-integrity-are-met\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">press release 4 February 26<\/a> and then the agreement reached within the Trade Committee on 10 February 26 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-reaches-deal-on-eu-us-trade-pact\/\">here<\/a>, with a vote planned for end of February or March (no press release form the Trade Committee yet).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Impacts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Imports and exports and related strategy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first series of impacts that results from this dynamics triggered by the Trump&#8217;s Presidency is that the U.S.-EU trade deal is still not in place, that the deal will be more protective of Europe and Europeans, and less one-sided towards the U.S.. However, the very stability and predictability that were meant to be a major EU objective for this deal, <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/en\/qanda_25_1930\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">as explained by the European Commission<\/a>, remain elusive. Stability cannot be created between two actors in a highly volatile and uncertain world when one of the actors is the very engine of instability and change.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-19\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"19\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-19\">19<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"19\">E.g. H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoix, <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2025\/03\/14\/ai-weak-signals-trump-international-revolutionary\/\">How to use AI for Weak Signals \u2013 Trump, the International Revolutionary?<\/a>, <em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em>, 14 March 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As a result, European companies must develop agile policies regarding their imports, exports and related strategy. These policies must fully integrate the uncertainty regarding trade, notably in terms of tariffs. To be fully agile, they must monitor geopolitical dynamics, notably those fostering related uncertainty, so as to be able to foresee changes, including temporary ones, and to respond accordingly. Sufficient treasury may notably become necessary to offset possible surprises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The future of Europe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Second, as far as the European Union is concerned, and no less important, we see here, despite talks about unity, diverse if not opposite positions continuing to take place among the European political groups, member states and institutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At first glance, this leads to three main possible evolutions for the European Union.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If we take the positions and actions regarding the U.S.-EU trade framework as indications, we have two poles. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A pole would attract actors who want to go back to business as usual, and want to see the trade deal signed as soon as possible, for the good of business. Yet, as a result from the U.S. threat against Greenland, those European groups may have started gravitating slightly away from that pole, as may show the fact that they could accept clauses of safeguard added to the U.S.-EU framework. The future directions of these positions will need to be closely monitored. The groups gravitating around this pole are the EPP (centre-right), the ECR (right-wing led by Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni Party, with 24 MEP followed by Poland with 20 MEPs) and the Patriots (far-right, led by French Marine Le Pen Party, the Rassemblement National with 30 MEPs, followed by Hungary with 11 MEPs).<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-20\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"20\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-20\">20<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"20\">Max Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament delays decision to unfreeze US trade deal&#8221; , <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-delays-decision-unfreeze-us-trade-deal\/\">Politico<\/a>, 27 January 2026<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The specifics of each country in terms of trade with the U.S. most probably play their part in the positions of the MEPs and Groups vis \u00e0 vis the way to handle the U.S.-EU trade framework. For example, in terms of goods, Germany is the first partner of the U.S.. In 2023, it was also responsible for 52% of the trade surplus with the U.S. (counting only surpluses). The EPP constitutes the largest European parliamentary group for Germany, as shown in the European Parliament table &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/meps\/en\/search\/table\">MEPs by Member State and political group<\/a>&#8220;, with 32% of its MEPs, followed equally by the Greens, ESN and then S&amp;D with 15% each. German MEPs also constitute the largest national group within the EPP (16,6 %), followed by Poland (12,29%) and then Spain (11,76%). It is thus logical that the EPP supports a return to normal and a rapid ratification for the U.S.-EU deal, as it is very important for Germany. We can reason similarly for Italy and the ECR, Italy being the third European partner of the U.S. and running the second most important trade surplus (for goods).<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-21\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"21\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-21\">21<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"21\">Max Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament delays decision to unfreeze US trade deal&#8221; , <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-delays-decision-unfreeze-us-trade-deal\/\">Politico<\/a>, 27 January 2026<\/span>. The related rapprochement taking place between Germany\u2019s Chancellor Merz and Italy Prime Minister Meloni could be one further indication of the strengthening of that pole.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-22\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"22\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-22\">22<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"22\">James Angelos et al. &#8220;The EU\u2019s new power couple: Merz and Meloni&#8221;, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-new-power-couple-alliance-europe-giorgia-meloni-friedrich-merz\/\">Politico<\/a><\/em>, 23 January 2026; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bundesregierung.de\/breg-en\/news\/merz-meloni-consultations-2403912\">Transcript of the Joint Press Conference<\/a>, 23 January 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the opposite end, the other pole attracts those who want to be cautious when dealing with an actor promoting deep change and ready to use bullying methods, such as the Trump administration, and those who also want to make sure that Europe is independently strong, and seen as such. The EP groups belonging here are the S&amp;D (socialists), Renew (liberals, which holds the presidency of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/committees\/en\/sede\/home\/highlights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Committee on Security and Defence<\/a> &#8211; SEDE) and the Greens. The Left also called not only to freeze the vote but to completely reject the deal.<sup id=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-23\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote modern-footnotes-footnote--hover-on-desktop \" data-mfn=\"23\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"00000000000047120000000000000000_43126\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-23\">23<\/a><\/sup><span role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"23\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/left.eu\/european-parliament-halts-us-trade-deal\/\">The Left<\/a><\/em>, &#8220;European Parliament halts US Trade Deal&#8221;, 21 January 2026.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Assuming all members of a group vote according to the line of this group, which is likely not to be true, we have 350 MEPS for the business as usual pole and 312 MEPs for a stronger Europe with &#8220;strategic autonomy&#8221;. Remain the ESN (Europe of Sovereign Nations) and the Non-aligned MEPS, for a total of 57 people, which can thus sway the balance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Considering the complex EU machinery, and despite the interesting role taken by the Parliament in the case of the dynamics triggered by the U.S. threat on Greenland on the U.S.-EU trade deal, the position of each component of each EU institution, including the member states should be analysed in detail to obtain more precise scenarios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The European Union, in the future, could thus swing towards either pole or also fracture. That last scenario could stem either from a refusal by one of the poles to change, although here the latest developments may indicate that this could become less likely, or from blockage. Indeed, because so many lines of influence run through the European institutions, one possibility is that they annul each other. Then, they could also favour an overall immobilism, highly dangerous when faced with the current tense and changing international context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A wise strategy would be to make sure of its resilience, whatever the future outcome.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"modern-footnotes-list-heading \">Notes<\/h2><ul class=\"modern-footnotes-list \"><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-1\"><span>1<\/span><div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elysee.fr\/en\/emmanuel-macron\/2026\/01\/18\/statement-by-denmark-finland-france-germany-the-netherlands-norway-sweden-and-the-united-kingdom\">Statement by Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom<\/a>, 18 January 2026; e.g. <a href=\"https:\/\/uk.diplomatie.gouv.fr\/en\/france-join-operation-arctic-endurance-greenland-minister\">France to join Operation Arctic Endurance in Greenland<\/a> &#8211; Minister. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-1\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 1 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-2\"><span>2<\/span><div>We should note that this agreement only concerns trade in goods where the balance of trade is favourable to the EU and not services where it is unfavourable to the EU. In 2024, the EU imported \u20ac334.8 billion&nbsp;worth of goods imports from the US and exported \u20ac532.3 billion&nbsp;worth of goods to the US, thus showing a surplus of \u20ac197.5 billion. However, the EU imported \u20ac482.5 billion&nbsp;worth of services imports from the US and exported \u20ac334.5 billion&nbsp;worth of services to the US, thus showing a deficit of \u20ac148 billion. As a whole the EU trade surplus with the U.S. is 49,5 billion (Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/infographics\/eu-us-trade\/\">EU-US trade: facts and figures<\/a>) <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-2\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 2 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-3\"><span>3<\/span><div>Sofia Sanchez Manzanaro, &#8220;Trump\u2019s latest tariffs threaten to torpedo EU-US trade pact&#8221;, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/news\/trumps-latest-tariffs-threaten-to-torpedo-eu-us-trade-pact\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Euractiv<\/a><\/em>, 17 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-3\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 3 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-4\"><span>4<\/span><div>S&amp;Ds Press Release, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.socialistsanddemocrats.eu\/newsroom\/sds-eu-us-trade-deal-must-remain-frozen-until-strategy-clear\">S&amp;Ds: EU-US trade deal must remain frozen until strategy clear<\/a>, 23 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-4\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 4 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-5\"><span>5<\/span><div>Ibid., <em>Euractiv<\/em>, 18 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-5\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 5 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-6\"><span>6<\/span><div><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/w3ZlYfI5Ldw?si=uTUPGzj4y6vT-P0D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Youtube video<\/a>, &#8220;President Trump comments after the meeting with Mark Rutte&#8221;, <em>KTVU FOX 2 San Francisco<\/em>, 21 January 2026 <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-6\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 6 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-7\"><span>7<\/span><div>Ibid. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-7\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 7 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-8\"><span>8<\/span><div>e.g. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-leaders-agree-independent-europe-summit-emmanuel-macron-friedrich-merz\/\">Politico<\/a><\/em>, &#8220;This was the moment EU leaders agreed Europe must go it alone&#8221;, 23 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-8\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 8 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-9\"><span>9<\/span><div>Eddy Wax<strong>\/<\/strong>Sofia Sanchez Manzanaro<strong>\/<\/strong>Thomas Moller-Nielsen, &#8220;European Parliament chief pledges to close EU-US trade pact&#8221;, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euractiv.com\/news\/european-parliament-chief-pledges-to-close-eu-us-trade-pact\/\">Euractiv<\/a><\/em>, 22 January 2026 <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-9\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 9 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-10\"><span>10<\/span><div><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/press\/press-releases\/2026\/01\/23\/oral-conclusions-drawn-by-president-antonio-costa-following-the-informal-meeting-of-the-members-of-the-european-council-of-22-january-2026\/\">European Council<\/a><\/em>, &#8220;Oral conclusions drawn by President Ant\u00f3nio Costa following the informal meeting of the members of the European Council of 22 January 2026&#8221;, 23 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-10\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 10 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-11\"><span>11<\/span><div>e.g. Statement of International Law Scholars on the United States Military Aggression against Venezuela,&nbsp;<em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/voelkerrechtsblog.org\/statemenot-of-international-law-scholar-on-the-united-states-military-aggression-against-venezuela\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">V\u00f6lkerrechtsblog<\/a>,<\/em><\/em>&nbsp;30.01.2026; H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoix, &#8220;How to use AI for Weak Signals \u2013 Trump, the International Revolutionary?&#8221;, <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2025\/03\/14\/ai-weak-signals-trump-international-revolutionary\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em><\/a>, 14 March 2025. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-11\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 11 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-12\"><span>12<\/span><div>Max Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament delays decision to unfreeze US trade deal&#8221; , <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-delays-decision-unfreeze-us-trade-deal\/\">Politico<\/a>, 27 January 2026 <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-12\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 12 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-13\"><span>13<\/span><div>Ibid. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-13\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 13 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-14\"><span>14<\/span><div>Ibid. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-14\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 14 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-15\"><span>15<\/span><div>Ibid; Max Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament eyes US trade deal approval with Trump-proof safeguards&#8221;, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-us-trade-deal-approval-us-donald-trump-proof-safeguards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Politico<\/em><\/a>, 28 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-15\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 15 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-16\"><span>16<\/span><div>For this entire paragraph, Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament &#8230;&#8221;, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-us-trade-deal-approval-us-donald-trump-proof-safeguards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Politico<\/em><\/a>, 28 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-16\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 16 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-17\"><span>17<\/span><div>Ibid. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-17\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 17 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-18\"><span>18<\/span><div>Aamer Madhani Associated Press, &#8220;Rubio says technical talks with Denmark, Greenland officials over Arctic security have begun&#8221;, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/US\/wireStory\/rubio-technical-talks-denmark-greenland-officials-arctic-security-129644099\">ABC News<\/a><\/em>, 28 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-18\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 18 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-19\"><span>19<\/span><div>E.g. H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Lavoix, <a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/2025\/03\/14\/ai-weak-signals-trump-international-revolutionary\/\">How to use AI for Weak Signals \u2013 Trump, the International Revolutionary?<\/a>, <em>The Red Team Analysis Society<\/em>, 14 March 2025. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-19\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 19 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-20\"><span>20<\/span><div>Max Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament delays decision to unfreeze US trade deal&#8221; , <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-delays-decision-unfreeze-us-trade-deal\/\">Politico<\/a>, 27 January 2026 <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-20\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 20 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-21\"><span>21<\/span><div>Max Griera, &#8220;EU Parliament delays decision to unfreeze US trade deal&#8221; , <a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-parliament-delays-decision-unfreeze-us-trade-deal\/\">Politico<\/a>, 27 January 2026 <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-21\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 21 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-22\"><span>22<\/span><div>James Angelos et al. &#8220;The EU\u2019s new power couple: Merz and Meloni&#8221;, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.politico.eu\/article\/eu-new-power-couple-alliance-europe-giorgia-meloni-friedrich-merz\/\">Politico<\/a><\/em>, 23 January 2026; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bundesregierung.de\/breg-en\/news\/merz-meloni-consultations-2403912\">Transcript of the Joint Press Conference<\/a>, 23 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-22\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 22 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><li id=\"footnote-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-23\"><span>23<\/span><div><em><a href=\"https:\/\/left.eu\/european-parliament-halts-us-trade-deal\/\">The Left<\/a><\/em>, &#8220;European Parliament halts US Trade Deal&#8221;, 21 January 2026. <a href=\"#mfn-content-00000000000047120000000000000000_43126-23\" class=\"modern-footnotes-scroll-to-footnote\" aria-label=\"Back to reference 23 in text\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/div><\/li><\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(\u827a\u672f\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1aJean-Dominique Lavoix-Carli\uff092026 \u5e74\u8fbe\u6c83\u65af\u5cf0\u4f1a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u683c\u9675\u5170\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u90a3\u4e48\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u5371\u673a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u7ee7\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8b\u6001\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981... <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2026\/02\/02\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u683c\u9675\u5170\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd-\u6b27\u76df\u8d38\u6613\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u6b27\u76df\u8bae\u4f1a\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u672a\u6765\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":43232,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2503,2502,2860,1078],"tags":[1967,1789,1892,2560,2175],"class_list":["post-43126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-americas","category-europe","category-featured","category-new-paradigm","tag-eu","tag-featured","tag-greenland","tag-open-access","tag-u-s","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Impacts of the U.S. Threat against Greenland: the U.S.-EU Trade Deal, the EU Parliament and the Future of Europe &#8226; 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Critically, we also need &hellip; \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb\u201cImpacts of the U.S. Threat against Greenland: the U.S.-EU Trade Deal, the EU Parliament and the Future of Europe\u201d\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/zh\/2026\/02\/02\/\u5a01\u80c1-\u683c\u9675\u5170\u4e0e\u6b27\u76df\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u534f\u8bae\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Red Team Analysis Society\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/pages\/Red-Team-Analysis\/341280995886057\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-02-02T12:05:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-04T07:47:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/redanalysis.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/RTAS-US-greenland-EU.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1568\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"941\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Dr Helene Lavoix (MSc PhD Lond)\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@HLavoix\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@HLavoix\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Dr Helene Lavoix (MSc PhD Lond)\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"24 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/02\\\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/02\\\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Dr Helene Lavoix (MSc PhD Lond)\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/6886ef37ab2b2804bc70995f4ba653d4\"},\"headline\":\"Impacts of the U.S. Threat against Greenland: the U.S.-EU Trade Deal, the EU Parliament and the Future of Europe\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-02T12:05:18+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-04T07:47:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/02\\\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":4823,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/02\\\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/RTAS-US-greenland-EU.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"EU\",\"featured\",\"Greenland\",\"Open Access\",\"U.S\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Americas\",\"Europe\",\"Featured\",\"International Order and New Paradigm\"],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/02\\\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/02\\\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/redanalysis.org\\\/2026\\\/02\\\/02\\\/threat-greenland-us-eu-trade-deal\\\/\",\"name\":\"Impacts of the U.S. Threat against Greenland: the U.S.-EU Trade Deal, the EU Parliament and the Future of Europe &#8226; 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